Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) effects on phase stability and actions in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized emulsions at different pH values were studied. Emulsion activity and stability were evaluated at CS concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.1% (w/w). BSA-CS emulsions showed unique behaviors under different pH values. CS destabilized emulsion phases drastically at pH 3.0 and gradually at pH 7.0. However, at pH 5.0, CS exerted concentration-dependent effects on emulsion stability and caused a decrease in particle size. CS is negatively charged with concentrationdependency at all pH values. However, different roles were observed when the surface charge of BSA was changed. CS formed interfacial layers via charge interactions with BSA to form complexes that sufficiently saturated the surface of oil droplets and prevented phase-separation via steric hindrance and repulsive forces, especially near the protein isoelectric point.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Guzey D, McClements DJ. Formation, stability and properties of multilayer emulsions for application in the food industry. Adv. Colloid Interfac. 128–130: 227–248 (2006)
Kim HJ, Choi SJ, Shin W-S, Moon TW. Emulsifying properties of bovine serum albumin-galactomannan conjugates. J. Agr. Food Chem. 51: 1049–1056 (2003)
Ma B, Tie Z, Zou D, Li J, Wang W. Urea- and thermal-induced unfolding of bovine serum albumin. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 20: 1909–1916 (2006)
Lenormand H, Deschrevel B, Tranchepain F, Vincent J-C. Electrostatic interactions between hyaluronan and proteins at pH 4: How do they modulate hyaluronidase activity. Biopolymers 89: 1088–1103 (2008)
Yang JS, Jiang B, He W, Xia YM. Hydrophobically modified alginate for emulsion of oil in water. Carbohyd. Polym. 87: 1503–1506 (2012)
Makri EA, Doxastakis GI. Study of emulsions stabilized with Phaseolus vulgaris or Phaseolus coccineus with the addition of arabic gum, locust bean gum and xanthan gum. Food Hydrocolloid. 20: 1141–1152 (2006)
Sun C, Gunasekaran S, Richards MP. Effect of xanthan gum on physicochemical properties of whey protein isolate stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocolloid. 21: 555–564 (2007)
Neiser S, Draget KI, Smidsrød O. Gel formation in heat-treated bovine serum albumin-α-carrageenan systems. Food Hydrocolloid. 14: 95–110 (2000)
Neirynck N, Van der Meeren P, Lukaszewicz-Lausecker M, Cocquyt J, Verbeken D, Dewettinck K. Influence of pH and biopolymer ratio on whey protein–pectin interactions in aqueous solutions and in O/W emulsions. Colloid. Surface A 298: 99–107 (2007)
Chanasattru W, Jones OG, Decker EA, McClements DJ. Impact of cosolvents on formation and properties of biopolymer nanoparticles formed by heat treatment of β-lactoglobulin-pectin complexes. Food Hydrocolloid. 23: 2450–2457 (2009)
Kato A, Sato T, Kobayashi K. Emulsifying properties of protein-polysaccharide complexes and hybrids. Agr. Biol. Chem. Tokyo 53: 2147–2152 (1989)
Larichev NA, Gurov AN, Tolstoguzov VB. Protein-polysaccharide complexes at the interphase. 1. Characteristics of decane/water emulsions stabilized by complexes of bovine serum albumin with dextran sulphate. Colloid. Surface. 6: 27–34 (1983)
Nakamura A, Fujii N, Tobe J, Adachi N, Hirotsuka M. Characterization and functional properties of soy bean high-molecular-mass polysaccharide complex. Food Hydrocolloid. 29: 75–84 (2012)
Nakamura A, Furuta H, Kato M, Maeda H, Nagamatsu Y. Effect of soybean soluble polysaccharides on the stability of milk protein under acidic conditions. Food Hydrocolloid. 17: 333–343 (2003)
Kim DY, Shin WS. Roles of fucoidan, an anionic sulfated polysaccharide on BSA-stabilized oil-in-water emulsion. Macromol. Res. 17: 128–132 (2009)
Kim DY, Shin WS, Hong WS. The unique behaviors of biopolymers, BSA and fucoidan, in a model emulsion system under different pH circumstances. Macromol. Res. 18: 1103–1108 (2010)
Malavaki CJ, Asimakopoulou AP, Lamari FN, Theocharis AD, Tzanakakis GN, Karamanos NK. Capillary electrophoresis for the quality control of chondroitin sulfates in raw materials and formulations. Anal. Biochem. 374: 213–220 (2008)
Wang P, Tang J. Solvent-free mechanochemical extraction of chondroitin sulfate from shark cartilage. Chem. Eng. Process. 48: 1187–1191 (2009)
Maeda S. Quantitative of chondroitin sulfate isomers in intervertebral disk chondrocyte culture using capillary electrophoresis. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63: 1039–1043 (2001)
Sugahara K, Oh Y, Harada T. Structural studies on sulfated oligosaccharides derived from the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of chondroitin 6-sulfate proteoglycans of shark cartilage. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 6027–6035 (1992)
Hardingham T, Bayliss M. Proteoglycans of articular cartilage: Changes in aging and in joint disease. Semin. Arthritis Rheu. 20: 12–33 (1990)
Volpi N. Analytical aspects of pharmaceutical grade chondroitin sulfates. J. Pharm. Sci. 96: 3168–3180 (2007)
Volpi N, Maccari F. Electrophoretic approaches to the analysis of complex polysaccharides. J. Chromatogr. B 834: 1–13 (2006)
Zhang JS, Imai T, Suenaga A, Otagiri M. Molecular-weight-dependent pharmacokinetics and cytotoxic properties of cisplatin complexes prepared with chondroitin sulfate A and C. Int. J. Pharm. 240: 23–31 (2000)
Campo GM, Avenoso A, Campo, S, Frlazzo AM, Altavilla D, Calatroni A. Efficacy of treatment with glycosaminoglycans on experimental collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis Res. Ther. 5: 122–131 (2003)
Cho SY, Shim JS, Heong CS, Chang SY, Choi DW, Toida T, Kim YS. Effects of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate on Type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27: 47–51 (2004)
Omata T, Itokazu Y, Inoue N, Segawa Y. Effects of chondroitin sulfate-C on articular cartilage destruction in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Arzneim. Forsch. 50: 148–153 (2000)
Uebelhart D, Thonar EJ, Delmas PD, Chantraine A, Vignon E. Effects of oral chondroitin sulfate on the progression of knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 6: 39–46 (1998)
Volpi N. Oral bioavailability of chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf®) and its constituents in healthy male volunteers. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 10: 768–777 (2002)
Guiherme MR, Reis AV, Alves BR, Kunita MH, Rubira AF, Fambourqi EB. Smart hollow microspheres of chondroitin sulfate conjugates and magnetite nanoparticles for magnetic vector. J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 352: 107–113 (2010)
Jo JH, Park DC JL, Do JR, Kim YM, Kim DS, Park YK, Lee TK, Cho SM. Optimization of skate (Raja flavirostris) cartilage hydrolysis for the preparation of chondroitin sulfate. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 622–626 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, KY., Kim, DY. & Shin, WS. Roles of chondroitin sulfate in oil-in-water emulsions formulated using bovine serum albumin. Food Sci Biotechnol 24, 1583–1589 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0204-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0204-y