Abstract
The nectaries of Ipomoea purpurea wilt in the late flowering period. The senescence process of nectaries is frequently associated with cell lysis. In this paper, various techniques were used to investigate whether programmed cell death (PCD) was involved in the senescence process of nectaries in I. purpurea. Ultrastructural studies showed that nectary cells began to undergo structural distortion, chromatin condensation, mitochondrial membrane degradation, and vacuolar-membrane dissolution and rupture after bloom. 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2′-deoxyuridine-5′-triphosphate (dUTP) nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay showed that nectary cell nuclear DNA began to degrade during the budding stage, and disappeared in the fruiting stage. DNA gel electrophoresis showed that degradation of DNA was random. Together, these results suggest that PCD participate in the senescence of the nectary in I. purpurea. PCD began during the budding period, followed by significant changes in nectary morphology and structure during the flowering period. During the fruiting stage, the PCD process is complete and the nectary degrades.
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Abbreviations
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
- PCD:
-
Programmed cell death
- TUNEL:
-
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling
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Acknowledgments
We thank Margaret Joyner and Dr. Su Hui for her excellent revision of the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (30970170, 31270428).
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Gui, MY., Liu, WZ. Programmed cell death during floral nectary senescence in Ipomoea purpurea . Protoplasma 251, 677–685 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-013-0570-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-013-0570-3