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Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding

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Overview of the current status of GMS and CMS systems available in Brassica vegetables, their molecular mechanism, wild sources of sterile cytoplasm and exploitation of male sterility in hybrid breeding.

Abstract

The predominantly herbaceous family Brassicaceae (crucifers or mustard family) encompasses over 3700 species, and many of them are scientifically and economically important. The genus Brassica is an economically important genus within the tribe Brassicaceae that comprises important vegetable, oilseed and fodder crops. Brassica vegetables display strong hybrid vigor, and heterosis breeding is the integral part in their improvement. Commercial production of F1 hybrid seeds in Brassica vegetables requires an effective male sterility system. Among the available male sterility systems, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the most widely exploited in Brassica vegetables. This system is maternally inherited and studied intensively. A limited number of reports about the genic male sterility (GMS) are available in Brassica vegetables. The GMS system is reported to be dominant, recessive and trirecessive in nature in different species. In this review, we discuss the available male sterility systems in Brassica vegetables and their potential use in hybrid breeding. The molecular mechanism of mt-CMS and causal mitochondrial genes of CMS has been discussed in detail. Finally, the exploitation of male sterility system in heterosis breeding of Brassica vegetables, future prospects and need for further understanding of these systems are highlighted.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is thankful to IARI, New Delhi, for providing senior research fellowship. Authors are also thankful to Rajsekhar Dutta, Assistant Teacher (English), Panchal High School, Dist- Bankura, West Bengal, 722157 for assisting in editing English language of the manuscript.

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  1. Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Saurabh Singh, S. S. Dey, Raj Kumar & T. K. Behera

  2. Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Reeta Bhatia

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  1. Saurabh Singh
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Singh, S., Dey, S.S., Bhatia, R. et al. Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding. Plant Reprod 32, 231–256 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-019-00371-y

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