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Efficacy of larvicidal botanical extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Abstract

The present study explored the effects of crude leaf acetone, chloroform, hot water, methanol, petroleum ether (60–80°C), and water extracts of Calotropis procera (Ait) R. Br., Canna indica L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn., Ipomoea carnea Jacq. spp. fistulosa Choisy, and Sarcostemma brevistigma Wight that were selected for investigating larvicidal potential against second and fourth instar larvae of the laboratory-reared mosquito species, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, in which the major lymphatic filariasis was used. All plant extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects after 24 h of exposure at 1,000 ppm; however, the highest larval mortality was found in leaf acetone, chloroform, methanol, and petroleum ether of C. indica (LC50 = 29.62, 59.18, 40.77, and 44.38 ppm; LC90 = 148.55, 267.87, 165.00, and 171.91 ppm) against second instar larvae (LC50 = 121.88, 118.25, 69.76, and 56.31 ppm; LC90 = 624.35, 573.93, 304.27, and 248.24 ppm) and against fourth instar larvae and acetone, hot water, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of I. carnea (LC50 = 61.17, 41.07, 41.82, and 39.32 ppm; LC90 = 252.91, 142.67, 423.76, and 176.39 ppm) against second instar larvae (LC50 = 145.37, 58.00, 163.81, and 41.75 ppm; LC90 = 573.30, 181.10, 627.38, and 162.63 ppm) and against fourth instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. These results suggest that the acetone, methanol extracts of C. indica and hot water, petroleum ether extracts of I. carnea have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the major lymphatic filariasis vector, C. quinquefasciatus.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to C. Abdul Hakeem College Management, Dr. S. Mohammed Yousuff, Principal, Dr. Ahmed Najib, HOD of Zoology Department, and Dr. Sait Sahul Hameed, Reader in Zoology, for their help and suggestion.

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  1. Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, P.G & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. A. Rahuman, A. Bagavan, C. Kamaraj, E. Saravanan, A. A. Zahir & G. Elango

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  3. C. Kamaraj
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Rahuman, A.A., Bagavan, A., Kamaraj, C. et al. Efficacy of larvicidal botanical extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 104, 1365–1372 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1337-9

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