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The expression of a rice secondary wall-specific cellulose synthase gene, OsCesA7, is directly regulated by a rice transcription factor, OsMYB58/63

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Abstract

Main conclusion

A rice MYB transcription factor, OsMYB58/63, was found to directly upregulate the expression of a rice secondary wall-specific cellulose synthase gene, cellulose synthase A7 ( OsCesA7 ); in contrast, the Arabidopsis putative orthologs AtMYB58 and AtMYB63 have been shown to specifically activate lignin biosynthesis.

Although indirect evidence has shown that grass plants are similar to but partially different from dicotyledonous ones in transcriptional regulation of lignocellulose biosynthesis, little is known about the differences. This study showed that a rice MYB transcription factor, OsMYB58/63, directly upregulated the expression of a rice secondary wall-specific cellulose synthase gene, cellulose synthase A7 (OsCesA7). Gene co-expression analysis showed that, in rice, OsMYB58/63 and several rice MYB genes were co-expressed with genes encoding lignocellulose biosynthetic enzymes. The expression levels of OsMYB55/61, OsMYB55/61-L, OsMYB58/63, and OsMYB42/85 were commonly found to be high in culm internodes and nodes. All four MYB transcription factors functioned as transcriptional activators in yeast cells. OsMYB58/63 most strongly transactivated the expression of OsCesA7 in rice protoplasts. Moreover, recombinant OsMYB58/63 protein was bound to two distinct cis-regulatory elements, AC-II and SMRE3, in the OsCesA7 promoter. This is in sharp contrast to the role of Arabidopsis orthologs, AtMYB58 and AtMYB63, which had been reported to specifically activate lignin biosynthesis. The promoter analysis revealed that AC elements, which are the binding sites for MYB58 and MYB63, were lacking in cellulose and xylan biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis, but present in cellulose, xylan, and lignin biosynthetic genes in rice, implying that the difference of transcriptional regulation between rice and Arabidopsis is due to the distinct composition of promoters. Our results provide a new insight into transcriptional regulation in grass lignocellulose biosynthesis.

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Abbreviations

COR:

Correlation coefficient

EMSA:

Electrophoretic mobility shift assay

GAL4BD:

GAL4 DNA-binding domain

OsCesA7:

Oryza sativa cellulose synthase A7

OsCAldOMT1:

Oryza sativa 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde O-methyltransferase 1

OsGT43A:

Oryza sativa glycosyltransferase family 43A

SCW:

Secondary cell wall

TF:

Transcription factor

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms. Kumiko Murata for technical assistance in cultivating rice plants. We appreciate Dr. Koji Yamaguchi and Dr. Tsutomu Kawasaki of Kinki University, Japan, and Dr. Shingo Sakamoto and Dr. Nobutaka Mitsuda of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, for technical advice about protoplast preparation and PEG-mediated transfection. Seeds of O. sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare were a generous gift from the Shiga Prefecture Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Shiga, Japan. The vectors pH35GS and pBD-GAL4-GWRFC were the kind gifts of Dr. Taku Demura of the Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan; and the vectors p35SG, p190LUC, and pPTRL were the kind gifts of Dr. N. Mitsuda and Dr. Masaru Takagi of AIST. Rice Oc suspension cells and rice full-length cDNA clones were provided by RIKEN Bioresouce Center and the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Japan, respectively. This work was partly supported by Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 22780161) and for Scientific Research (C) (No. 25450241) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); and a grant from the “Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA)”, managed by the Japan Science and Technology Agency. A part of this study was conducted using the Development and Assessment of Sustainable Humanosphere/Forest Biomass Analytical System (DASH/FBAS) at the Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Japan.

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  1. Soichiro Noda

    Present address: Research Institute for Biological Sciences (RIBS Okayama), Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Kibi-chuo, Okayama, 716-1241, Japan

  2. Takefumi Hattori

    Present address: Institute of Socio-Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8502, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan

    Soichiro Noda, Taichi Koshiba, Takefumi Hattori, Shiro Suzuki & Toshiaki Umezawa

  2. Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

    Masatoshi Yamaguchi

  3. PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan

    Masatoshi Yamaguchi

  4. Institute of Sustainability Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan

    Toshiaki Umezawa

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  1. Soichiro Noda
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Correspondence to Shiro Suzuki.

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Special topic: Polyphenols: biosynthesis and function in plants and ecosystems. Guest editor: Stefan Martens.

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Noda, S., Koshiba, T., Hattori, T. et al. The expression of a rice secondary wall-specific cellulose synthase gene, OsCesA7, is directly regulated by a rice transcription factor, OsMYB58/63. Planta 242, 589–600 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2343-z

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