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Incidence of posterior vitreous detachment after congenital cataract surgery: an ultrasound evaluation

  • Pediatrics
  • Published:
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Abstract

Background

To investigate the incidence of developing posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in children after congenital cataract surgery.

Methods

This is a prospective study which recruited 131 children with congenital cataracts who underwent cataract surgery between June 1, 2015, and September 1, 2018. The patients were divided into two groups depending on their post-operation phakic status (with or without IOL implantation). Infants aged from 6 to 12 months from two groups were analyzed as subgroups, respectively. B-scan ultrasonography was performed before the procedure and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12-month follow-ups, respectively, after the operation.

Results

Of the 131 eyes included in the analyses, 74 were aphakic, and 57 were pseudophakic after surgery. The postoperative rate of PVD in all analyzed eyes was 6.9% (9 of 131 eyes). After 12 months, PVD was significantly more prevalent in the eyes that underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation (10.5%, 6 of 57 eyes) compared to the eyes without IOL implantation (4.1%, 1 of 74 eyes, P < 0.05); however, the eyes in the aphakic group were significantly younger than the eyes in the pseudophakic group, while the mean axial length (AL) of the pseudophakic eyes (21.11 ± 2.07 mm) was significantly higher than that of the aphakic eyes (18.93 ± 1.86 mm) (P < 0.01). In patients between the ages of 6 and 12 months of age from the two groups, the AL of patients with IOL implantation continued to be significantly increased compared to the group without IOL implantation (20.44 ± 1.68 mm vs. 19.78 ± 1.52 mm, P < 0.01). At the follow-up appointments, two patients with PVD were observed among the 14 eyes that had undergone cataract surgery with IOL implantation, while one eye was observed to have developed PVD among the 15 eyes without IOL implantation.

Conclusions

PVD occurs with greater frequency after congenital cataract surgery, particularly in eyes that have undergone IOL implantation. We suggest that PVD should be carefully monitored in children after congenital cataract surgery to avoid subsequent ocular pathologies such as retinal detachment. Future studies are needed to determine other potential risk factors that have not been as thoroughly explored, as opposed to better-known factors such as older age, longer axial length, and IOL implantation.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request

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Funding

This study was supported by research grants from the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LY18H120008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81870680), the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (Grant No.2018C03012), and the Innovation Discipline of Zhejiang Province (lens disease in children) (Grant No.2016cxxk1]. The funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325102, Zhejiang, China

    Fan Zhang, Pingjun Chang, Yuyu Zhao & Yun-e Zhao

  2. National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Fan Zhang, Pingjun Chang, Yuyu Zhao & Yun-e Zhao

Authors
  1. Fan Zhang
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  2. Pingjun Chang
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  3. Yuyu Zhao
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  4. Yun-e Zhao
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Contributions

PC designed the study and was a major contributor in writing the manuscript. ZF was a major contributor in writing the manuscript and analyzed and interpreted the data. JW analyzed and interpreted the patient data. YZ made substantial contributions to the design of the work.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yun-e Zhao.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Informed consents to participate in the study were obtained from participants’ parent or legal guardian.

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Zhang, F., Chang, P., Zhao, Y. et al. Incidence of posterior vitreous detachment after congenital cataract surgery: an ultrasound evaluation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259, 1045–1051 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04997-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04997-x

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