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Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Mesothelioma and Pleural Plaques and Healthy Subjects Exposed to Naturally Occurring Asbestos

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Abstract

Purpose

This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the serum biomarkers osteopontin and mesothelin in discriminating mesothelioma patients from those with other, benign conditions and whether levels of the biomarkers differed in subjects who had inhaled naturally occurring asbestos compared with a non-exposed control group.

Methods

This cross-sectional study studied 24 subjects with mesothelioma, 279 subjects with pleural plaques, 123 “healthy exposed,” and 120 control subjects. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare mesothelin and osteopontin levels of the groups, and receiver operating characteristics curves were generated to determine diagnostic yields of both biomarkers. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify associated covariates with osteopontin and mesothelin levels.

Results

Serum osteopontin and mesothelin levels were higher in mesothelioma than in benign asbestos-related diseases and healthy exposed subjects. Both biomarker levels were independently associated with mesothelioma, age and smoking pack years. Mesothelin levels were also associated with body mass index. The sensitivity and specificity of osteopontin in distinguishing mesothelioma from the three other groups were 75 and 86 %, respectively; those of mesothelin were 58 and 83 %, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity to discriminate mesothelioma from pleural plaques and healthy subjects were 93 and 73 %, respectively, if osteopontin and mesothelin levels were higher than their optimal cut off levels.

Conclusions

The combination of serum osteopontin and mesothelin levels can help to distinguish mesothelioma from benign asbestos-related diseases and asbestos-exposed subjects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Sivas Health Directorate and particularly the cancer advisory board for supplying data and funding support. The authors also wish to thank the American Thoracic Society’s MECOR program for stimulating interest in research and providing advice about this paper and particularly Dr. Diana Buist for her mentorship on this project.

Conflict of interest

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pulmonology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mehmet Bayram & Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu

  2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Isa Dongel

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey

    Ali Akbaş & İsmail Benli

  4. Department of Pulmonology, Yedikule Teaching Hospital for Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey

    Nur Dilek Bakan

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  1. Mehmet Bayram
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  2. Isa Dongel
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  3. Ali Akbaş
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  5. Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu
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Correspondence to Mehmet Bayram.

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Bayram, M., Dongel, I., Akbaş, A. et al. Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Mesothelioma and Pleural Plaques and Healthy Subjects Exposed to Naturally Occurring Asbestos. Lung 192, 197–203 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-013-9526-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-013-9526-9

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