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The effect of temperature and meal size on the aerobic scope and specific dynamic action of two temperate New Zealand finfish Chrysophrys auratus and Aldrichetta forsteri

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Abstract

Shallow coastal and estuarine habitats function as nurseries for many juvenile fish. In this comparative study, metabolic profiles of two New Zealand finfish, snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) and yellow-eyed mullet—YEM (Aldrichetta forsteri) that as juveniles share the same temperate coastal environments, were examined. Metabolic parameters (routine and maximum metabolic rates, and specific dynamic action—SDA) were investigated at a set of temperatures (13, 17, 21 °C) within the range juveniles both species experience annually. SDA was also determined for a range of different feed rations to investigate the effects of meal size on postprandial metabolic response. Temperature was a strong modulator of snapper and YEM metabolic profile (routine and maximum metabolic rates, and absolute and factorial aerobic scope). Metabolic rates increased with temperature in both species as did absolute scope in YEM, though for snapper, it was only greater at the highest temperature. Factorial scope behaved in the same fashion for the two species, being greatest at 13 °C. Both absolute and factorial scope were ~ twofold greater in YEM than in snapper across the entire temperature range. Temperature also affected SDA response in snapper, while in YEM, SDA parameters were largely unaffected when temperature increased from 17 to 21 °C. Snapper were able to consume a large range of meal sizes (0.5–3.0% body mass—BM) with meal sizes > 1% BM having a pronounced effect on numerous SDA parameters, whereas mullet appeared to consume more limited ration sizes (≤ 1.0% BM). In both species, rations ≤ 1% BM produced similar changes in SDA parameters identifying comparable digestive bio-energetics. Overall, our metabolic characterisations demonstrate that both species can adjust to the variable temperate environmental temperatures and manage the energetic costs of digestion and feed assimilation. Yet, despite these general similarities, YEM’s greater aerobic scope may point to better physiological adaptation to the highly variable temperate coastal environment than were observed in snapper.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the New Zealand Crown Research Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR) special grant “Wildfish 2030” (Contract # C11X1203). We are thankful to PFR for providing of state-of-the-art facilities including experimental animals for this work. The work was conducted also in collaboration with School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.

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  1. Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Ilam, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand

    Tomislav Flikac & William Davison

  2. Seafood Production Group, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 293-297 Akersten Street, Port Nelson, 7043, New Zealand

    Denham G. Cook

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All experiments were conducted in accordance with the University of Canterbury Animal Ethics Committee (Ref: 2014/18R). All methodologies were in compliance with approved guidelines.

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Flikac, T., Cook, D.G. & Davison, W. The effect of temperature and meal size on the aerobic scope and specific dynamic action of two temperate New Zealand finfish Chrysophrys auratus and Aldrichetta forsteri. J Comp Physiol B 190, 169–183 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-020-01258-5

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