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Changes in 30K protein synthesis during delayed degeneration of the silk gland by a caspase-dependent pathway in a Bombyx (silkworm) mutant

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Abstract

The silk gland in silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a highly specialized organ that specifically synthesizes silk proteins. A function shift to the synthesis of large quantities of 30K proteins occurs in the degenerating silk gland cells during larval–pupal metamorphosis. The posterior silk gland developmental mutant model of silkworm was used in this study and changes in the programmed cell death (PCD) regulatory signals and 30K protein synthesis during silk gland degeneration were investigated. The results showed that PCD induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone was initiated early during larval–pupal metamorphosis in the mutant, but PCD proceeded slowly, resulting in the degeneration process of the silk gland being extended and took almost twice the time compared with the wild type. Caspase-dependent pathway signals regulated by Dronc in the silk gland cells of the mutant were significantly reduced, while the PCD initiation signal regulated by the Atg family was not delayed or reduced, and PCD-related epigenetic modification such as lysine methylation, acetylation, and succinylation, and tyrosine phosphorylation changed significantly. During the degeneration process in the mutant, 30K proteins were efficiently synthesized in the silk gland cells in stage PP1 even when no caspase protein was detected. Degeneration of the silk gland is a PCD process in which autophagy and apoptosis may participate. The degeneration process was regulated by a caspase-dependent pathway, while the synthesis of 30K proteins along with silk gland degeneration may not be entirely dependent on caspase signals.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the NSF of China under Grant No. 31472149, the Provincial Key R & D Program of Jiangsu under Grant No. BE2015317 and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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    1. School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China

      Huan Wang, Yulong Wang, Chengjia Wu, Hui Tao, Xuedong Chen, Yanghu Sima, Yujun Wang & Shiqing Xu

    2. Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China

      Weimin Yin

    3. National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk (NESER), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China

      Yanghu Sima & Shiqing Xu

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    1. Huan Wang
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    Wang, H., Wang, Y., Wu, C. et al. Changes in 30K protein synthesis during delayed degeneration of the silk gland by a caspase-dependent pathway in a Bombyx (silkworm) mutant. J Comp Physiol B 186, 689–700 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-0990-4

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