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Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Arsenic Phytoremediation

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) is a widespread carcinogenic pollutant. Phytoremediation is the most suited technology for alleviating the As contamination of soil. In this review, we have discussed the uptake mechanism and the associated transporters for different As species. Glutathione, phytochelatins, metallothionins, and secondary metabolites play important role in As detoxification and enhancing tolerance. The roles of MAPK signaling and calcium signaling are highlighted in the perception of As stress along with phytohormones signaling in stress tolerance. Furthermore, transcription factors involved in regulation of gene expression under As stress are discussed. High-throughput sequencing has reduced the time duration and enhanced the knowledge regarding understanding the molecular mechanism of phytoremediation. The role of CRISPR/Cas9 and synthetic genes in context to phytoremediation is discussed. We have provided a holistic understanding of the present knowledge about phytoremediation in the context of mechanisms of the As uptake and tolerance. A complete understanding of the phytoremediation process is essential for As-risk mitigation and will help in augmenting its efficiency and true potential.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India under Grant No. 38 (1403)/15/EMR-II. ST and SC gratefully acknowledge the fellowship received from the ICMR toward Ph.D.

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  1. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Punjab, City Campus, Mansa Road, Bathinda, 151001, India

    Sapna Thakur, Shruti Choudhary, Aasim Majeed, Amandeep Singh & Pankaj Bhardwaj

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  1. Sapna Thakur
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  2. Shruti Choudhary
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  3. Aasim Majeed
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  4. Amandeep Singh
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  5. Pankaj Bhardwaj
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Correspondence to Pankaj Bhardwaj.

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Thakur, S., Choudhary, S., Majeed, A. et al. Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Arsenic Phytoremediation. J Plant Growth Regul 39, 532–543 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-10019-w

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