Abstract
Leaf angle is an important agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.). It affects both the efficiency of sunlight capture and nitrogen reservoirs. The erect leaf phenotype is suited for high-density planting and thus increasing crop yields. Many genes regulate leaf angle by affecting leaf structure, such as the lamina joint, mechanical tissues, and the midrib. Signaling of brassinosteroids (BR), auxin (IAA), and gibberellins (GA) plays important roles in the regulation of lamina joint bending in rice. In addition, the biosynthesis and signaling of BR are known to have dominant effects on leaf angle development. In this review, we summarize the factors and genes associated with the development of leaf angle in rice, outline the regulatory mechanisms based on the signaling of BR, IAA, and GA, and discuss the contribution of crosstalk between BR and IAA or GA in the formation of leaf angle. Promising lines of research in the transgenic engineering of rice leaf angle to increase grain yield are proposed.
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Abbreviations
- BR:
-
Brassinosteroid
- GA:
-
Gibberellin
- IAA:
-
Indoleacetic acid
- BL:
-
Brassinolide
- CS:
-
Castasterone
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Acknowledgments
This research was jointly supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31100866), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2013121040), and the Science and Technology Major Projects of Fujian Province of China (No. 2013NZ0002-2). The authors thank Dr. Jiaoping Zhang and Dr. Xinyi Xu for helpful comments on the revised manuscript.
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Luo, X., Zheng, J., Huang, R. et al. Phytohormones signaling and crosstalk regulating leaf angle in rice. Plant Cell Rep 35, 2423–2433 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-016-2052-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-016-2052-5