Abstract
Key message
AtSKIP participated in cytokinin-regulated leaf initiation. Putative phosphorylated AtSKIP (AtSKIP DD ) displayed the opposite function in the leaf development from AtSKIP transgenic seedlings.
Abstract
AtSKIP, as a multiple protein, is involved in many physiological processes, such as flowering, cell cycle regulator, photomorphogenesis and stress tolerance. However, the mechanism of AtSKIP in these processes is unclear. Here, we identify one gene, AtSKIP, which is associated with cytokinin-regulated leaf growth process in Arabidopsis. The expression of AtSKIP was regulated by cytokinin. Leaf development in AtSKIP overproduced seedlings was independent of light, but promoted by cytokinin, and phosphorylation of AtSKIP (AtSKIPDD) partially interfered with AtSKIP function as a positive regulator in cytokinin signaling, indicative of true leaf formation, and the defects of AtSKIPDD in the true leaf formation could be recovered to some extent by the addition of cytokinin. Moreover, different cytokinin-responsive gene Authentic Response Regulator 7 (ARR7) promoter-GUS activity further proved that expression of AtSKIP or AtSKIPDD altered endogenous cytokinin signaling in plants. Together, these data indicate that AtSKIP participates in cytokinin-regulated promotion of leaf growth in photomorphogenesis, and that phosphorylation interferes with AtSKIP normal function.
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Abbreviations
- GUS:
-
β-Glucuronidase
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog
- RT-PCR:
-
Reverse transcription-PCR
- WT:
-
Wild type
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a grant to C. S. K. from the Next-Generation BioGreen21 program (SSAC, PJ00949104) funded by the Rural Development Administration.
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Communicated by Y.-I. Park.
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299_2013_1540_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Supplementary material 1 (TIFF 2583 kb) Fig. S1. Phenotypes of transgenic plants in inducible or constitutive promoter systems. Phenotypes of transgenic plants in constitutive 35S promoter systems. Bars denote 1 cm. Transgenic plants were germinated and grown for 7 days on MS medium, then grown for 2 weeks
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Supplementary material 2 (TIFF 2409 kb) Fig. S2. Flower phenotypes of pTA and AtSKIP transgenic plants. Close-up pictures of the flower phenotype of pTA and AtSKIP lines at different stages of development
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Supplementary material 3 (TIFF 2466 kb) Fig. S3. Response of leaf development under different light conditions. The leaf development of 10 days after germination pTA (a, d, g, j), AtSKIP (b, e, h, k), and AtSKIPDD (c, f, i, l) plants were grown in the medium with 30 μM DEX under the dark (a-c), red light (d-f), blue light (g-i) and white light (j-l) condition. Bars denote 1 cm
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Zhang, X., Min, JH., Huang, P. et al. AtSKIP functions as a mediator between cytokinin and light signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana . Plant Cell Rep 33, 401–409 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1540-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1540-0