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Role of Melanin in Release of Extracellular Enzymes and Selection of Aggressive Isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana in Barley

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Abstract

Eighteen barley isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana belonging to wild and clonal type of black, mixed and white subpopulations were quantitatively assayed for their melanin content and aggressiveness with respect to production of some of the extracellular enzymes such as cellulase, pectinase, amylase and protease. Cellulase and pectinase constituted major portion of the enzymes recovered from the black, mixed and white isolates. Enzyme production and aggressiveness were relatively higher in melanin devoid or low melanin isolates. The melanin deficient isolates were also differentiated from black and mixed isolates on the basis of variation in internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. Higher enzyme productions positively correlated with area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and lesion development. Melanin content was negatively correlated with extracellular enzymes and aggressiveness of the isolates. Based on melanin content, lesion size, AUDPC and extracellular enzymes, the isolates were grouped in two major clusters (I and II) with further division of cluster II into two sub-clusters (II-A and II-B). The results appears to indicate a possible role of melanin in release of extracellular enzymes and hence in evolution and selection of aggressive isolates of B. sorokiniana in barley.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the University Grants Commission and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Ramesh Chand & Manoj Kumar

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Manoj Kumar

  3. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Kavita Shah

  4. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Arun K. Joshi

  5. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), South Asia Regional Office, P.O. Box 5186, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Arun K. Joshi

  6. Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India

    Chanda Kushwaha

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  1. Ramesh Chand
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Correspondence to Manoj Kumar.

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Chand, R., Kumar, M., Kushwaha, C. et al. Role of Melanin in Release of Extracellular Enzymes and Selection of Aggressive Isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana in Barley. Curr Microbiol 69, 202–211 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0559-y

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