Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Low-level bromate analysis by ion chromatography on a polymethacrylate-based monolithic column followed by a post-column reaction

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
European Food Research and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A sensitive chromatographic method was developed for the determination of trace level bromate in food and drinking water. The method was based on a poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolithic column, which was prepared by in situ polymerization and further modified with quaternary amine groups. Morphology of the stationary phases was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Permeability and mechanical stability of the column were both excellent. Bromate was detected after post-column reaction with potassium iodide at 352 nm. The parameters affecting the detection limit of bromate were studied in detail. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit for bromate was 1.5 μg/L. This method showed good linearity over the concentration range 5.0–30 μg/L, short analysis time (8.5 min), and satisfactory relative standard deviation of the replicate analysis (n = 6, 0.043 %).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chu Q, Ye J (2010) Sensitive determination of parabens in soy sauces by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection. Eur Food Res Technol 6:891–897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wu J, Feng Y (2009) Determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using derivatization combined with polymer monolith microextraction by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Agric Food Chem 57:3981–3988

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Fotsing M, Prevost E (2011) Low-level bromate analysis in drinking water by ion chromatography with optimized suppressed conductivity cell current followed by a post-column reaction and UV/Vis detection. J Environ Sci 46:420–425

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Seifrtova M, Solich P (2008) Determination of fluoroquiolone antibiotics in hospital and municipal wastewaters in Coimbra by liquid chromatography with a monolithic column and fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 391:799–805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wang X, Lin X (2010) Sulfoalkylbetaine-based monolithic column with mixed-mode of hydrophilic interaction and strong anion-exchange stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 31:2997–3005

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Gu Y (2007) Fabrication of a poly (styrene-octadecene-divinylbenzene) monolithic column and its comparison with a poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) monolithic column for the separation of proteins. J Sep Sci 30:1005–1012

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Li Y, Lee M (2011) Preparation of monoliths from single crosslinking monomers for reversed-phase capillary chromatography of small molecules. J Chromatogr A 1218:1399–1408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Trojer L, Bonn G (2009) High capacity organic monoliths for the simultaneous application to biopolymer chromatography and the separation of small molecules. J Chromatogr A 1216:6303–6309

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Nischang I, Bruggemann O (2010) On the separation of small molecules by means of nano-liquid chromatography with methacrylate-based macroporous polymer monoliths. J Chromatogr A 1217:5389–5397

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Nordborg A, Hilder E (2009) Recent advances in polymer monoliths for ion-exchange chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 394:71–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bruchet A, Mariet C (2011) Improved chromatographic performances of glycidyl methacrylate anion-exchange monolith for fast nano-ion exchange chromatography. J Sep Sci 34:16–17

    Google Scholar 

  12. Yang G, Duan Y (2012) A simple and efficient method for preparation of a strong cation exchange monolith and its application to separation of HAS. Anal Methods 4:1098–1104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gusev I, Horvath C (1999) Capillary columns with in situ formed porous monolithic packing for micro high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 855:273–290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhong Y, Zhou W, Zhu Y (2010) Preparation, characterization, and analytical applications of a novel polymer stationary phase with embedded or grafted carbon fibers. Talanta 82:1439–1447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Urban J, Jandera P, Langmaier P (2011) Effects of functional monomers on retention behavior of small and large molecules in monolithic capillary columns at isocratic and gradient conditions. J Sep Sci 34:2054–2062

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Svobodova A, Krizek T, Sirc J (2011) Monolithic columns based on a poly(styrene-divinylbenzene-methacrylic acid) copolymer for capillary liquid chromatography of small organic molecules. J Chromatogr A 1218:1544–1547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Pisarenko N (2010) Rapid analysis of perchlorate, chlorate and bromate ions in concentrated sodium hypochlorite solutions. Anal Chim Acta 659:216–223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Oztekin N, Erim B (2009) Stacking in CE for analysis of bromate flour additive. Chromatographia 70:987–990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Nakano S, Kamaguchi C (2010) Flow-injection catalytic spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum(VI) in plants using bromate oxidative coupling of p-hydrazinobensenesulfonic acid with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine. Talanta 81:786–791

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Hatzistavros S (2007) Bromate determination in water after membrane complexation and total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis. Anal Chem 79:2827–2832

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Shi L (2006) Determination of trace levels of bromate in flour and related foods by ion chromatography. J Agr Food Chem 54:5217–5219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Salhi E, Gunten U (1999) Simultaneous determination of bromide, bromate and nitrite in low mug/L levels by ion chromatography without sample pretreatment. Water Res 33:3239–3244

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Butler R, Lytton L (2005) Bromate analysis in groundwater and wastewater. J Environ Monit 7:999–1006

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Arias F (2010) Trace analysis of bromate in potato snacks using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Agr Food Chem 58:8134–8138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lawal W, Gandhi J (2010) Direct injection, simple and robust analysis of trace-level bromate and bromide in drinking water by IC with suppressed conductivity detection. J Chromatogr Sci 48:537–543

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Barbosa AF, Segatelli MG, Tarley CRT (2007) Solid-phase extraction system for Pb(II) ions enrichment based on multiwall carbon nanotubes coupled on-line to flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 71:1512–1519

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Legido-Quigley C, Smith W (2004) Comparison of styrene-divinyl benzene-based monoliths and vydac nano-liquid chromatography columns for protein analysis. J Chromatogr A 1030:195–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wu H, Wu A (2010) Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as a cross-linker for preparation of inorganic-organic hybrid monolithic columns. Anal Chem 82:5447–5454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hahn R, Jungbauer A (2001) Control method for integrity of continuous beds. J Chromatogr A 908:179–184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mayr B, Holzl G (2002) Hydrophobic, pellicular, monolithic capillary columns based on cross-linked polynorbornene for biopolymer separations. Anal Chem 74:6080–6087

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Köhler K, Nowak M, Seubert A (1997) Determination of nitrite and bromate in disinfected water samples at the low μg/L level by means of a high-capacity anion exchanger. Fresenius J Anal Chem 358:551–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Inoue Y (1997) High selective determination of bromate in ozonized water by using ion chromatography with postcolumn derivatization equipped with reagent preparation device. Anal Chim Acta 346:299–305

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Afkhami A, Madrakian T (2001) Spectrophotometric determination of periodate, iodate and bromate mixtures based on their reaction with iodide. Anal Sci 17:1199–1202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wagner HP, Pepich BV (2002) US Environmental Protection Agency Method 326.0, a new method for monitoring inorganic oxyhalides and optimization of the postcolumn derivatization for the selective determination of trace levels of bromate. J Chromatogr A 956:93–101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Evenhuis C, Buchberger W (2008) Separation of inorganic anions on a high capacity porous polymeric monolithic column and application to direct determination of anions in seawater. J Sep Sci 31:2604–2698

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Connolly D, Victory D, Paull B (2004) Rapid, low pressure, and simultaneous ion chromatography of common inorganic anions and cations on short permanently coated monolithic columns. J Sep Sci 27:912–920

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Valsecchi S, Isernia A (1999) Ion chromatography determination of trace level bromate by large volume injection with conductivity and spectrophotometric detection after post column derivatisation. J Chromatogr A 864:263–270

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Michalski R, Mathews B (2007) Occurrence of chlorite, chlorate and bromate in disinfected swimming pool water. Polish J Environ Stud 16:237–241

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Chen ZL, Megharaj M, Naidu R (2007) Determination of bromate and bromide in seawater by ion chromatography, with an ammonium salt solution as mobile phase, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Chromatographia 65:115–118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Köhler K, Nowak M (1997) Determination of nitrite and bromate in disinfected water samples at the low μg//L level by means of a high-capacity anion exchanger. Fresen J Anal Chem 358:551–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Genuino HC, Espino M (2009) Ion chromatographic method with post-column fuchsin reaction for measurement of bromate in chlorinated water. Sci Diliman 21:29–36

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study is funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China, contract grant numbers: 20775070, J0830413, and 20911140271; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China, contract grant number: R4080124; Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province, contract grant number: 2010F20012.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou, 310028, China

    Nani Wang & Yan Zhu

  2. Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China

    Shiwei He

Authors
  1. Nani Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shiwei He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yan Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yan Zhu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wang, N., He, S. & Zhu, Y. Low-level bromate analysis by ion chromatography on a polymethacrylate-based monolithic column followed by a post-column reaction. Eur Food Res Technol 235, 685–692 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1800-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1800-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation