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Microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction of bisphenol A using ionic liquid for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis

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Abstract

An aqueous two-phase microfluidics (ATPM) method suitable for selective extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous samples was developed, and a functional ionic liquid of N, N, N-trioctyl ammonium propionate (TOAP) was specially employed for the formation of a parallel flow system. Based on the analytical model, we optimized the chip design into branch-connection length pattern to achieve maximum extraction efficiency (φ max) and ensure phase separation. In combining the design flexibility and ideal reaction activity of extractant (TOAP), the developed ATPM enabled a selective and effective extraction of BPA (φ max of 95 % within 2 s) from phenol derivatives. Meanwhile, the total operation time and ionic liquid consumption of the microfluidic extraction were only 2.5 min and 5 μl, respectively. The ATPM can be run at normal pH and room temperature and showed no interferences from components found in tap or beach water. To be noted, this specific extraction system was applied in real water samples; the recoveries of standard addition for all water samples spiked with BPA were from 96 to 110 %. Finally, successful reuse of the chip was also realized. In all cases, the developed microfluidic chip was proven to be useful as an effective and low consumption approach in extracting BPA and should be expanded as a “green” preparative method for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis.

Layout and the photograph of the designed microfluidic chip for parallel flow aqueous two-phase microextraction. Branch-connection length design patterns can be designed in “n”(n=1,2,3…) co-flow runs on chip. Extraction efficiencies of phenol derivatives (BPA, phenol and resorcinol) from water to ionic liquid phase are showed as a function of time in branch-connection length pattern with extraction channels of “n” runs length

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 41476085 and no. 81471807).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Institute, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China

    Linlin Qi, Guoxia Zheng, Changping Li & Hongzhen Su

  2. Medical School, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China

    Yunhua Wang & Yajie Li

  3. Microfluidic Research Institute, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China

    Linlin Qi, Yunhua Wang, Yajie Li & Guoxia Zheng

Authors
  1. Linlin Qi
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  2. Yunhua Wang
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  3. Yajie Li
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  4. Guoxia Zheng
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  5. Changping Li
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  6. Hongzhen Su
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Correspondence to Guoxia Zheng or Changping Li.

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Qi, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y. et al. Microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction of bisphenol A using ionic liquid for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 407, 3617–3625 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8572-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8572-y

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