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Gold nanoparticles for the development of clinical diagnosis methods

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Abstract

The impact of advances in nanotechnology is particularly relevant in biodiagnostics, where nanoparticle-based assays have been developed for specific detection of bioanalytes of clinical interest. Gold nanoparticles show easily tuned physical properties, including unique optical properties, robustness, and high surface areas, making them ideal candidates for developing biomarker platforms. Modulation of these physicochemical properties can be easily achieved by adequate synthetic strategies and give gold nanoparticles advantages over conventional detection methods currently used in clinical diagnostics. The surface of gold nanoparticles can be tailored by ligand functionalization to selectively bind biomarkers. Thiol-linking of DNA and chemical functionalization of gold nanoparticles for specific protein/antibody binding are the most common approaches. Simple and inexpensive methods based on these bio-nanoprobes were initially applied for detection of specific DNA sequences and are presently being expanded to clinical diagnosis.

Colorimetric DNA/RNA detection using salt induced aggregation of AuNP-DNA nanoprobes

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Abbreviations

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

ssDNA:

Single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

AuNP:

Gold nanoparticle

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

SNP:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

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Correspondence to Ricardo Franco.

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Baptista, P., Pereira, E., Eaton, P. et al. Gold nanoparticles for the development of clinical diagnosis methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 391, 943–950 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1768-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1768-z

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