Abstract
Although several studies have reported that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) affect cardiorespiratory health in animals and humans, the effect of DEP on animal models with spontaneous allergic disorders has been far less intensively studied. The Nc/Nga mouse is known to be a typical animal model for human atopic dermatitis (AD). In the present study, we investigated the effects of repeated pulmonary exposure to DEP on airway inflammation and cytokine expression in NC/Nga mice. The animals were randomized into two experimental groups that received vehicle or DEP by intratracheal instillation weekly for six weeks. Cellular profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and expressions of cytokines and chemokines in both the BAL fluid and lung tissues were evaluated 24 h after the last instillation. The DEP challenge produced an increase in the numbers of total cells, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells in BAL fluid as compared to the vehicle challenge (P<0.01). DEP exposure significantly induced the lung expressions of interleukin (IL)-4, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α when compared to the vehicle challenge. These results indicate that intratracheal exposure to DEP induces the recruitment of inflammatory cells, at least partially, through the local expression of IL-4 and chemokines in NC/Nga mice.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dabbagh K, Takeyama K, Lee HM, Ueki IF, Lausier JA, Nadel JA (1999) IL-4 induces mucin gene expression and goblet cell metaplasia in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol 162:6233–6237
Diaz-Sanchez D, Garcia MP, Wang M, Jyrala M, Saxon A (1999) Nasal challenge with diesel exhaust particles can induce sensitization to a neoallergen in the human mucosa. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:1183–1188
Dockery DW, Pope CA III (1994) Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annu Rev Public Health 15:107–132
Driscoll KE (1994) Macrophage inflammatory proteins: biology and role in pulmonary inflammation. Exp Lung Res 20:473–490
Eichenfield LF, Hanifin JM, Beck LA, Lemanske RF Jr, Sampson HA, Weiss ST, Leung DY (2003) Atopic dermatitis and asthma: parallels in the evolution of treatment. Pediatrics 111:608–616
Fujimaki H, Saneyoshi K, Shiraishi F, Imai T, Endo T (1997) Inhalation of diesel exhaust enhances antigen-specific IgE antibody production in mice. Toxicology 116:227–233
Fujimaki H, Nohara K, Kobayashi T, Suzuki K, Eguchi-Kasai K, Tsukumo S, Kijima M, Tohyama C (2002) Effect of a single oral dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on immune function in male NC/Nga mice. Toxicol Sci 66:117–124
Hamid Q, Boguniewicz M, Leung DY (1994) Differential in situ cytokine gene expression in acute versus chronic atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 94:870–876
Ichinose T, Takano H, Sadakane K, Yanagisawa R, Yoshikawa T, Sagai M, Shibamoto T (2004) Mouse strain differences in eosinophilic airway inflammation caused by intratracheal instillation of mite allergen and diesel exhaust particles. J Appl Toxicol 24:69–76
Katoh S, Matsumoto N, Fukushima K, Mukae H, Kadota JI, Kohno S, Matsukura S (2000) Elevated chemokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 106:730–736
Laughter D, Istvan JA, Tofte SJ, Hanifin JM (2000) The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Oregon schoolchildren. J Am Acad Dermatol 43:649–655
Leung DY, Bieber T (2003) Atopic dermatitis. Lancet 361:151–160
Matsuda H, Watanabe N, Geba GP, Sperl J, Tsudzuki M, Hiroi J, Matsumoto M, Ushio H, Saito S, Askenase PW, Ra C (1997) Development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion with IgE hyperproduction in NC/Nga mice. Int Immunol 9:461–466
Matsumoto T, Yokoi K, Mukaida N, Harada A, Yamashita J, Watanabe Y, Matsushima K (1997) Pivotal role of interleukin-8 in the acute respiratory distress syndrome and cerebral reperfusion injury. J Leukoc Biol 62:581–587
Matsumoto M, Ra C, Kawamoto K, Sato H, Itakura A, Sawada J, Ushio H, Suto H, Mitsuishi K, Hikasa Y, Matsuda H (1999) IgE hyperproduction through enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase 3 in NC/Nga mice, a model for human atopic dermatitis. J Immunol 162:1056–1063
Miyabara Y, Yanagisawa R, Shimojo N, Takano H, Lim HB, Ichinose T, Sagai M (1998) Murine strain differences in airway inflammation caused by diesel exhaust particles. Eur Respir J 11:291–298
Sagai M, Furuyama A, Ichinose T (1996) Biological effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) III. Pathogenesis of asthma like symptoms in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 21:199–209
Singer M, Sansonetti PJ (2004) IL-8 is a key chemokine regulating neutrophil recruitment in a new mouse model of Shigella-induced colitis. J Immunol 173:4197–4206
Spergel JM, Paller AS (2003) Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112:S118–S127
Steinke JW, Borish L (2001) Th2 cytokines and asthma. Interleukin-4: its role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and targeting it for asthma treatment with interleukin-4 receptor antagonists. Respir Res 2:66–70
Takafuji S, Suzuki S, Koizumi K, Tadokoro K, Miyamoto T, Ikemori R, Muranaka M (1987) Diesel-exhaust particulates inoculated by the intranasal route have an adjuvant activity for IgE production in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 79:639–645
Takano H, Yoshikawa T, Ichinose T, Miyabara Y, Imaoka K, Sagai M (1997) Diesel exhaust particles enhance antigen-induced airway inflammation and local cytokine expression in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156:36–42
Takano H, Yanagisawa R, Ichinose T, Sadakane K, Yoshino S, Yoshikawa T, Morita M (2002) Diesel exhaust particles enhance lung injury related to bacterial endotoxin through expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:1329–1335
Takeyoshi M, Inoue T (1992) H-2 haplotype and sex-related differences in IgG response to ovalbumin in mice. Jikken Dobutsu 41:315–319
Tsudzuki M, Watanabe N, Wada A, Nakane Y, Hiroi J, Matsuda H (1997) Genetic analyses for dermatitis and IgE hyperproduction in the NC/Nga mouse. Immunogenetics 47:88–90
Woolcock AJ, Peat JK (1997) Evidence for the increase in asthma worldwide. Ciba Found Symp 206:122–134
van Zijverden M, de Haar C, van Beelen A, van Loveren H, Penninks A, Pieters R (2001) Coadministration of antigen and particles optimally stimulates the immune response in an intranasal administration model in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 177:174–178
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Inoue, Ki., Takano, H., Yanagisawa, R. et al. Pulmonary exposure to diesel exhaust particles induces airway inflammation and cytokine expression in NC/Nga mice. Arch Toxicol 79, 595–599 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-005-0668-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-005-0668-2