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Association of antepartum vitamin D levels with postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and symptoms

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Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Vitamin D affects skeletal muscle strength and functions via various mechanisms. Strength and/or functional dysfunctions of the pelvic floor muscles may be associated with the distortion of pelvic floor functions. We hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) by affecting pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on postpartum PFMS.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital. One hundred and eighty pregnant women were admitted to our hospital in their third trimester and compared with 156 healthy nulliparous women. Venous blood samples for examining vitamin D levels were taken from each participant and stored at −80 °C. At 8–10 weeks postpartum, patients were invited to the hospital, asked about their PFD symptoms, and PFMS was measured using a perineometer.

Results

There was no statistical significance among groups regarding mean age, maternal age, and weight at delivery. Postpartum PFMS and duration in vitamin D-deficient women were significantly lower than those without the deficiency. Vitamin D-deficient vaginal delivery cases (group I) had a postpartum PFMS average of 21.96 ± 7.91 cm-H2O, nonvitamin D-deficient normal delivery cases (group III) had a PFMS of 29.66 ± 10.3 cm-H2O (p = 0.001). In the cesarean delivery groups, vitamin D-deficient (group II) and nonvitamin D-deficient (group IV) cases had PFMS values of 32.23 ± 9.66 and 35.53 ± 15.58 cm-H2O respectively (p = 0.258).

Conclusions

Lower vitamin D levels in the third trimester correlates with decreased PFMS.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Board of Izmir Katip Celebi University Scientific Research Projects (2013-T1-TSBP-04).

Authors’ contributions

S. Aydogmus: protocol/project development, manuscript writing; S. Kelekcı: manuscript editing, scientific supervision; H. Aydogmus: data collection and management; M. Demir: data collection; B. Yilmaz: data collection; R. Sutcu: data analysis.

Conflicts of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, İzmir Katip Çelebi University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey

    S. Aydogmus, S. Kelekci & B. Yilmaz

  2. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Izmir Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    H. Aydogmus & M. Demir

  3. Department of Biochemistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey

    R. Sutcu

  4. Ilica mah. Zeytin sok. No.20/20. 35320, Narlıdere, Izmir, Turkey

    S. Aydogmus

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  1. S. Aydogmus
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  2. S. Kelekci
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Correspondence to S. Aydogmus.

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Aydogmus, S., Kelekci, S., Aydogmus, H. et al. Association of antepartum vitamin D levels with postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and symptoms. Int Urogynecol J 26, 1179–1184 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2671-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2671-3

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