Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The mapping of phytochrome genes and photomorphogenic mutants of tomato

  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The map positions of five previously described phytochrome genes have been determined in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) The position of the yg-2 gene on chromosome 12 has been confirmed and the classical map revised. The position of the phytochrome A (phy A)-deficient fri mutants has been refined by revising the classical map of chromosome 10. The position of the PhyA gene is indistinguishable from that of the fri locus. The putative phyB1-deficient tri mutants were mapped by classical and RFLP analysis to chromosome 1. The PhyB1 gene, as predicted, was located at the same position. Several mutants with the high pigment (hp) phenotype, which exaggerates phytochrome responses, have been reported. Allelism tests confirmed that the hp-2 mutant is not allelic to other previously described hp (proposed here to be called hp-1) mutants and a second stronger hp-2 allele (hp-2 j) was identified. The hp-2 gene was mapped to the classical, as well as the RFLP, map of chromosome 1.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andrásfalvy A (1968) Linkage studies with male-sterile mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 18:7

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1963) Linkage summary. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 13:3–4

  • Arens P, Odinot P, Van Heusden AW, Lindhout P, Vosman B (1995) GATA- and GACA-reports are not evently distributed throughout the tomato genome. Genome 38:84–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balint-Kurti PJ, Jones DA, Jones JDG (1995) Integration of the classical and RFLP linkage maps of the short arm of tomato chromosome 1. Theor Appl Genet 90:17–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonnema G, Hontelez J, Verkerk R, Zhang YQ, Van Daelen R, Van Kammen A, Zabel P (1996) An improved method of partially digesting plant megabase DNA suitable for YAC cloning: application to the construction of a 5.5 genome-equivalent YAC library of tomato. Plant J 9:125–133

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Broun P, Tanksley SD (1996) Characterization and genetic mapping of simple repeat sequences in the tomato genome. Mol Gen Genet 250:39–49

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burdick AB (1958) New mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 8:9–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler L (1955) Dihybrid segregation for genes whose linkage relationship is unknown. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 5:10–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler L (1956) Dihybrid F2 segregation for genes in linkage groups VI and VII. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 6:11–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler L, Chang LO (1958) Genetics and physiology of the xanthophyllous mutant of the tomato. Can J Bot 36:251–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiscon JA (1960) Linkage of nd, ag, and h. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 10:11

    Google Scholar 

  • Clayberg CD (1962) Inheritance and linkage of fruit stripe, F s. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 12:22–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Devlin PF, Rood SB, Somers DE, Quail PH, Whitelam GC (1992) Photophysiology of the elongated internode (ein) mutant of Brassica rapa. Plant Physiol 100:1442–1447

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem 132:6–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frary A, Presting GG, Tanksley SD (1996) Molecular mapping of the centromeres of tomato chromosomes 7 and 9. Mol Gen Genet 250:295–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gröber K (1963) Genetical and physiological behaviour of a dominant chlorophyll mutant of tomato. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 13:48

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen D, Rick CM, Boyton JE (1962) Linkage tests with mutants of Stubbe group III. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 12:28–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Hauge BM, Hanley SM, Cartinhour S, Cherry JM, Goodman HM, Koornneef M, Stam P, Chang C, Kempin S, Medrano L, Meyerowitz EM (1993) An integrated genetic/RFLP map of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Plant J 3:745–754

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser BA, Cordonnier-Pratt M-M, Daniel-Vedele F, Pratt LH (1995) The phytochrome gene family in tomato includes a novel subfamily. Plant Mol Biol 29:1143–1155

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerckhoffs LHJ, Van Tuinen A, Hauser BA, Cordonnier-Pratt M-M, Nagatani A, Koornneef M, Pratt LH, Kendrick RE (1996) Molecular analysis of tri-mutant alleles in tomato indicates the Tri locus is the gene encoding the apoprotein of phytochrome B1. Planta 199:152–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1958) Linkage relations of l-2. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 8:21

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1960) Segregation data for genes on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 10:20–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1966) Another xanthophyllous (Xa-3) for chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 16:13

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1967) Position of oli on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 17:33

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1977) Summary of gene linkage on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 27:16–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1979a) A mutation to tangerine fruit color. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 29:25

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1979b) High pigment, (hp), is on chromosome 12. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 29:26

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1979c) Yellow-green-2 (yg-2) may be on chromosome 12. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 29:27–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1982a) Two- and three-point tests with hy and nor on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 32:19

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1982b) Two- and three-point tests with auv on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 32:20

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr EA (1982c) Three-point test of sherry-sh on chromosome 10. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 32:21

    Google Scholar 

  • Khush GS, Rick CM (1966) At long last, a marker for chromosome 12. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 16:15

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein-Lankhorst R, Rietveld P, Machiels B, Verkerk R, Weide R, Gebhardt C, Koornneef M, Zabel P (1991) RFLP markers linked to the root knot nematode resistance gene Mi in tomato. Theor Appl Genet 81:661–667

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef M, Kendrick RE (1994) Photomorphogenic mutants of higher plants. In: Kendrick RE, Kronenberg GHM (eds) Photomorphogenesis in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 601–628

    Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef M, Stam P (1992) Genetic analysis. In: Koncz C, Chua NH, Schell J (eds) Methods in Arabidopsis research. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 83–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef M. Cone JW, Dekens RG, O’Herne-Robers EG, Spruit CJP, Kendrick RE (1985) Photomorphogenic responses of long hypocotyl mutants of tomato. J Plant Physiol 120:153–165

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef M, Bosma TDG, Hanhart CJ, Van der Veen JH, Zeevaart JAD (1990) The isolation and characterization of gibberellin-deficient mutants in tomato. Theor Appl Genet 80:852–857

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef M, Bade J, Hanhart CJ, Horsman K, Schel J, Soppe W, Verkerk R, Zabel P (1993) Characterization and mapping of a gene controlling shoot regeneration in tomato. Plant J 3:131–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarova GI, Brandstädter J, Matsui M, Cordonnier-Pratt M-M, Pratt LH, Kendrick RE (1996) In: Book of abstracts. International conference on Molecular Biology of Tomato, Berkeley, California, USA, pp 22

  • Lesley JW, Lesley MM (1971) Further study of the sherry mutation induced by ionizing radiation. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 21:2–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Lesley JW, Lesley MM (1980) Linkage of sh (sherry). Tomato Genet Coop Rep 30:26

    Google Scholar 

  • Liharska T, Van der Eijken W, Gheijsen G, Zabel P (1994) Mapping of tomato genes induced in a compatible root-knot nematode interaction. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 44:23–25

    Google Scholar 

  • López-Juez E, Nagatani A, Tomizawa K-I, Deak M, Kern R, Kendrick RE, Furuya M (1992) The cucumber long hypocotyl mutant lacks a light-stable PHYB-like phytochrome. Plant Cell 4:241–251

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McArthur JW (1934) Linkage groups in the tomato. J Genet 29:123–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNellis TW, Deng X-W (1995) Light control of seedling morphogenic pattern. Plant Cell 7:1749–1761

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mochizuki T, Kamimura S (1986) Allelism test of high-pigment phenotypes by the ‘Yellow film method’. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 36:15–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Mutschler MA (1984) Inheritance and linkage of the ‘Alcobaca’ ripening mutant in tomato. J Am Soc Hort Sci 109:500–503

    Google Scholar 

  • Odinot P, Pet G, Lindhout P (1992) An F2 between Lycopersicon esculentum cv Allround and L. pennellii for mapping studies. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 42:27–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogden RC, Adams DA (1987) Electrophoresis in agarose and acrylamide gels. In: Berger SL, Kimmel AR (eds) Methods in enzymology, vol 152. Guide to molecular cloning techniques. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 61–88

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Parks BM, Quail PH (1991) Phytochrome-deficient hy1 and hy2 long hypocotyl mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in phytochrome chromophore biosynthesis. Plant Cell 3:1177–1186

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson AH, Lin Y-R, Li Z, Schertz KF, Doebley JF, Pinson SRM, Liu S-C, Stansel JW, Irvine JE (1995) Convergent domestication of cereal crops by independent mutations at corresponding genetic loci. Science 269:1714–1718

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Persson AR (1960) Physiological and genetical investigations on chlorophyll mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 10:27–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters JL, Van Tuinen A, Adamse P, Kendrick RE, Koornneef M (1989) High-pigment mutants of tomato exhibit high sensitivity for phytochrome action. J Plant Physiol 134:661–666

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peters JL, Schreuder MEL, Verduin SJW, Kendrick RE (1992) Physiological characterization of a high-pigment mutant of tomato. Photochem Photobiol 56:75–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt LH (1995) Phytochromes: differential properties, expression patterns and molecular evolution. Photochem Photobiol 61: 10–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt LH, Cordonnier-Pratt M-M, Hauser B, Caboche M (1995) Tomato contains two differentially expressed genes encoding B-type phytochromes, neither of which can be considered an ortholog of Arabidopsis phytochrome B. Planta 197:203–206

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quail PH (1994) Phytochrome genes and their expression. In: Kendrick RE, Kronenberg GHM (eds) Photomorphogenesis in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 71–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Reed JW, Nagpal P, Poole DS, Furuya M, Chory J (1993) Mutations in the gene for red/far-red light receptor phytochrome B alter cell elongation and physiological responses throughout Arabidopsis development. Plant Cell 5:147–157

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves AF (1972) Additional linkage tests with 1–134. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 22:21

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeves AF, Boyton JT, Hernandez BG, Rick CM (1966) Additional linkage tests with mutants of Stubbe’s groups I, II, III and IV. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 16:23–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeves AF, Hernández-Bravo G, Zobel RW, Rick CM (1967) Additional linkage tests with mutants of Stubbe’s series. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 17:42–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynard GB (1956) Origin of the Webb Special (Black Queen) tomato. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 6:22

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM (1955) Linkage between ag and h. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 5:23

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM (1956) The linkage relations of ag. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 6:25

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM, Fobes JF (1977) Linkage relations of some isozymic loci. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 27:22–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM, Khush GS, Andrásfalvy (1967) Flecked dwarf, a marker for 12L. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 17:45–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM, Reeves AF, Zobel RW (1968) Inheritance and linkage relations of four new mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 18: 34–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM, Borgnino F, Quiros Meredith CP (1974) Segregation and linkage relations of new EMS mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 24:22–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Rick CM, Cisneros P, Chetelat RT, DeVerna JW (1994) Abg a gene on chromosome 10 for purple fruit derived from S. lycopersicoides. Tomato Gen Coop Rep 44:29–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharrock RA, Parks BM, Koornneef M, Quail PH (1988) Molecular analysis of the phytochrome deficiency in an aurea mutant of tomato. Mol Gen Genet 213:9–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soressi GP (1975) New spontaneous or chemically-induced fruit-ripening tomato mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 25:21–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Stam P (1993) Construction of integrated genetic linkage maps by means of a new computer package: JOINMAP. Plant J 3: 739–744

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley SD, Ganal MW, Prince JP, DeVincente MC, Bonierdale MW, Broun P, Fulton TM, Giovannoni JJ, Grandillo S, Martin GB, Messeguer R, Miller JC, Miller L, Paterson AH, Pineda O, Roder MS, Wing RA, Wu W, Young ND (1992) High-density molecular linkage maps of the tomato and potato genomes. Genetics 132:1141–1160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley SD, Ganal MW, Martin GB (1995) Chromosome landing: a paradigm for map-based cloning in plants with large genomes. Trends Genet 11:63–68

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terry MJ, Kendrick RE (1996) The au and yg-2 mutants of tomato are deficient in phytochrome chromophore synthesis. J Biol Chem (in press)

  • Terry MJ, Wahleithner JA, Lagarias JC (1993) Biosynthesis of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome. Arch Biochem Biophys 306: 1–15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tigchelaar EC, Barman RJ (1978) Linkage of the non-ripening (nor) and uniform ripening (u) genes. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 28:20

    Google Scholar 

  • Tigchelaar EC, Tomes ML, Kerr EA, Barman RJ (1973) A new fruit-ripening mutant, non-ripening (nor). Tomato Genet Coop Rep 23: 33–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Beek JG, Verkerk R, Zabel P, Lindhout P (1992) Mapping strategy for resistance genes in tomato based on RFLPs between cultivars: Cf9 (resistance to Cladosporium fulvum) on chromosome 1. Theor Appl Genet 84:106–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Biezen EA, Overduin B, Nijkamp HJJ, Hille J (1994) Integrated genetic map of tomato chromosome 3. Tomato Genet Coop Rev 44:8–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Ooijen JW (1994) Drawmap: a computer program for drawing genetic linkage maps. J Hered 85:66

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Tuinen A, Kerckhoffs LHJ, Nagatani A, Kendrick RE, Koornneef M (1995a) Far-red light-insensitive, phytochrome A-deficient mutants of tomato. Mol Gen Genet 246:133–141

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Tuinen A, Kerckhoffs LHJ, Nagatani A, Kendrick RE, Koornneef M (1995b) A temporarily red light-insensitive mutant of tomato lacks a light-stable, B-like phytochrome. Plant Physiol 108:939–947

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Tuinen A, Hanhart CJ, Kerckhoffs LHJ, Nagatani A, Boylan MT, Quail PH, Kendrick RE, Koornneef M (1996) Analysis of phytochrome-deficient yelIow-green-2 and aurea mutants of tomato. Plant J 9:173–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Wordragen MF, Weide RL, Coppoolse E, Koornneef M, Zabel P (1996) Tomato chromosome 6: a high-resolution map of the long arm and construction of a composite integrated marker-order map. Theor Appl Genet 92:1065–1072

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weide R, Van Wordragen MF, Klein-Lankhorst R, Verkerk R, Hanhart C, Liharska T, Pap E, Stam P, Zabel P, Koornneef M (1993) Integration of the classical and molecular linkage maps of tomato chromosome 6. Genetics 135:1175–1186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young PA, McArthur JW 1947 Horticultural characters of tomatoes. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 698

  • Zobel RW, Alan JJ, Opeña, Rick CM (1969) Further tests with Dr. Stubbe’s mutants. Tomato Genet Coop Rep 19:30–31

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Wageningen Agricultural University, Dreijenlaan 2, NL-6703 HA, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    A. van Tuinen & M. Koornneef

  2. Botany Department, University of Georgia, 30602, Athens, GA, USA

    M. -M. Cordonnier-Pratt & L. H. Pratt

  3. Department of Molecular Biology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Dreijenlaan 3, NL-6703 HA, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    R. Verkerk & P. Zabel

Authors
  1. A. van Tuinen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Koornneef
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. -M. Cordonnier-Pratt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. L. H. Pratt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. R. Verkerk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. P. Zabel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Koornneef.

Additional information

Communicated by F. Salamini

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

van Tuinen, A., Koornneef, M., Cordonnier-Pratt, M.M. et al. The mapping of phytochrome genes and photomorphogenic mutants of tomato. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 94, 115–122 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050389

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050389

Key words

Search

Navigation