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Application of a partitioning procedure based on Rao quadratic entropy index to characterize the temporal evolution of in situ varietal and genetic diversity of bread wheat in France over the period 1981–2006

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We present and highlight a partitioning procedure based on the Rao quadratic entropy index to assess temporal in situ inter-annual varietal and genetic changes of crop diversity.

Abstract

For decades, Western-European agroecosystems have undergone profound changes, among which a reduction of crop genetic diversity. These changes have been highlighted in numerous studies, but no unified partitioning procedure has been proposed to compute the inter-annual variability in both varietal and genetic diversity. To fill this gap, we tested, adjusted and applied a partitioning procedure based on the Rao quadratic entropy index that made possible to describe the different components of crop diversity as well as to account for the relative acreages of varieties. To emphasize the relevance of this procedure, we relied on a case study focusing on the temporal evolution of bread wheat diversity in France over the period 1981–2006 at both national and district scales. At the national scale, we highlighted a decrease of the weighted genetic replacement indicating that varieties sown in the most recent years were more genetically similar than older ones. At the district scale, we highlighted sudden changes in weighted genetic replacement in some agricultural regions that could be due to fast shifts of successive leading varieties over time. Other regions presented a relatively continuous increase of genetic similarity over time, potentially due to the coexistence of a larger number of co-leading varieties that got closer genetically. Based on the partitioning procedure, we argue that a tendency of in situ genetic homogenization could be compared to some of its potential causes, such as a decrease in the speed of replacement or an increase in between-variety genetic similarity over time.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program (LabEx BASC; ANR-11-LABX-0034). It has benefited from a previous project funded by the FRB that allowed in particular to collect and complete previous historical and genetic data and communicate the new indicator H T * to French stakeholders (Goffaux et al. 2011). We are grateful to the editor and two anonymous reviewers who helped improving the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GQE – Le Moulon, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France

    Rémi Perronne & Isabelle Goldringer

  2. INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Rémi Perronne

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  1. Rémi Perronne
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  2. Isabelle Goldringer
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Contributions

RP had the idea and performed the analyses. IG and RP discussed the approach and the results. IG and RP wrote the manuscript. IG and RP read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Isabelle Goldringer.

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The authors declare that the study comply with the current laws of France.

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Communicated by Hiroyoshi Iwata.

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Perronne, R., Goldringer, I. Application of a partitioning procedure based on Rao quadratic entropy index to characterize the temporal evolution of in situ varietal and genetic diversity of bread wheat in France over the period 1981–2006. Theor Appl Genet 131, 775–786 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-3034-x

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