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Biologics

Neue Medikamente, neue Nebenwirkungen

Biologics

New drugs, new adverse reactions

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Zusammenfassung

Biologics sind eine in der Dermatologie seit dem Jahr 2004 verfügbare Medikamentengruppe zur Therapie der mittelschweren bis schweren chronischen Plaque-Psoriasis vulgaris und/oder Psoriasisarthritis. Sie stellen chimäre (human-murine) oder vollständig humane monoklonale Antikörper oder rekombinante Fusionsproteine dar. Die aktuell verfügbaren Biologics sind Zytokinantagonisten, die entweder den Tumornekrosefaktor α (TNF-α) oder die Interleukine IL-12 und IL-23 neutralisieren. Unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen der Biologics sind entweder bedingt durch ihre potenzielle Immunogenität als partielle Fremdproteine oder durch ihre direkte biologische Funktion, die in der Neutralisation der jeweiligen Zytokinaktivität besteht. Vor allem das erhöhte Risiko für schwer und häufig atypisch verlaufende Infektionen muss unter Biologic-Therapie besonders im klinischen Alltag beachtet werden.

Abstract

Biologics have been available in Germany for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis since 2004. They include chimeric (human/mouse) or fully human monoclonal antibodies or recombinant fusion proteins. The currently available biologics are cytokine antagonists, which neutralize either TNF-α or the interleukins IL-12 and IL-23. Unexpected adverse events result either from their potential immunogenicity or from their mode of action, which consists in neutralizing the biologic activity of the respective cytokines. In particular the increased risk for severe infections that may take an atypical course during biologic therapy deserves attention in daily clinical practice.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Prof. Dr. Jörg C. Prinz war als Principal Investigator, Sprecher oder beratend für folgende pharmazeutische Unternehmen tätig: Biogen-Idec (früher Biogen), Novartis, Wyeth/Pfitzer, Merk-Serono (früher Serono), Essex Pharma, Galderma, Centocor, Abbott, Janssen-Cilag/Janssen-Ortho, Actelion.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Frauenlobstr. 9–11, 80337, München, Deutschland

    J.C. Prinz

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Correspondence to J.C. Prinz.

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Prinz, J. Biologics. Hautarzt 61, 668–675 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-010-1941-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-010-1941-8

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