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Evaluation of Sugars and Bio-oil Production Using Lead Contaminated Switchgrass Feedstock

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Abstract

A combination of biochemical and thermochemical process to produce sugars and bio-oil by using switchgrass which was grown in lead contaminated soil was studied. Four different process routes which involve fast pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and their combinations were investigated. The impact of lead content in the switchgrass feedstock used for the production of sugars and bio-oil along with the recovery of lead through the above mentioned routes were evaluated. The yields of sugars from acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis did not seem to be affected by the lead contained in the switchgrass. The chemical product distribution in bio-oil produced from pyrolysis of lead-containing switchgrass and regular switchgrass showed slight differences. The highest overall yields of the liquid products were obtained from the fourth route which utilized all the three process steps, resulting in the lowest yield of bio-char byproduct which had the lowest content lead (2 mg/kg).

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Acknowledgments

Funding of this work was partially provided by the State of Pennsylvania through the Keystone Innovation Starter Kit Program and by Villanova Center for the Advancement of Sustainability in Engineering (VCASE).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA

    Maria Nydia Ruiz-Felix, William J. Kelly & Justinus A. Satrio

  2. Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA

    Ronald A. Balsamo

Authors
  1. Maria Nydia Ruiz-Felix
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  2. William J. Kelly
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  3. Ronald A. Balsamo
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  4. Justinus A. Satrio
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Correspondence to Justinus A. Satrio.

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Ruiz-Felix, M.N., Kelly, W.J., Balsamo, R.A. et al. Evaluation of Sugars and Bio-oil Production Using Lead Contaminated Switchgrass Feedstock. Waste Biomass Valor 7, 1091–1104 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9508-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9508-2

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