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Application of phosphate-containing materials affects bioavailability of rare earth elements and bacterial community in soils

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Abstract

The exploitation and smelting of rare earths can cause serious pollution to the farmland around the mining area. The rare earth elements (REEs) are absorbed by crops and enter the human body through the food chain, which threatens people’s health. The effects of four phosphorus-containing materials-calcium superphosphate (SSP), phosphate rock (PR), calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP) and bone charcoal (BC) on rice growth and bacterial community structure in REE mining area of Xinfeng County were studied by pot experiment. The soil solution was collected during rice transplanting and harvest periods respectively, the rice and soil samples were collected and sequenced. The concentrations of water-soluble REEs were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and bacteria in soil was deeply sequenced by the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform. PR, CMP and BC promoted the growth of rice, improved the biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains, and significantly reduced absorption and accumulation of REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains. SSP treatment reduced the pH value of soil, significantly improved the concentration of REE solution in soil and improved biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains, and significantly improved the concentration of REEs in grain. The effects of phosphorus-containing materials on the absorption and accumulation of 15 REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains were very different, and significantly influenced the soil bacterial community. SSP reduced richness and diversity of bacteria. CMP improved the diversity of soil bacteria, but reduced their richness. PR and BC treatment improved the richness and diversity of soil bacteria, and significantly increased the abundance of Bacillus. The results showed that adding PR, CMP and BC to soil in the REE mining area of Xinfeng can improve food security and eco-environmental quality, and hence, are potential restorative materials; SSP is not recommended for use in acidic soils.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of History, Geography and Tourism, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, 334000, China

    ShuLan Jin, ZhongJun Hu, BaiYing Man & HuaHua Pan

  2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng, 100085, China

    Xiao Kong & DeCai Jin

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  1. ShuLan Jin
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  5. Xiao Kong
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Correspondence to DeCai Jin.

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41561096 & 41867062), Shangrao Science and Technology Project of China (Grant No. 18C019), and Jiangxi Science and Technology Project of China (Grant No. 20142BAB203026).

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Application of Phosphate-Containing Materials Affects Bioavailability of Rare Earth Elements and Bacterial Community in Soils

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Jin, S., Hu, Z., Man, B. et al. Application of phosphate-containing materials affects bioavailability of rare earth elements and bacterial community in soils. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 62, 1616–1627 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-018-9426-3

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