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Continuous supercritical hydrothermal synthesis: lithium secondary ion battery applications

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Abstract

Nanosized lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and transition metal oxide (MO, where M is Cu, Ni, Mn, Co, and Fe) particles are synthesized continuously in supercritical water at 25–30 MPa and 400°C under various conditions for active material application in lithium secondary ion batteries. The properties of the nanoparticles, including crystallinity, particle size, surface area, and electrochemical performance, are characterized in detail. The discharge capacity of LiFePO4 was enhanced up to 140 mAh/g using a simple carbon coating method. The LiFePO4 particles prepared using supercritical hydrothermal synthesis (SHS) deliver the reversible and stable capacity at a current density of 0.1 C rate during ten cycles. The initial discharge capacity of the MO is in the range of 800–1,100 mAh/g, values much higher than that of graphite. However, rapid capacity fading is observed after the first few cycles. The continuous SHS can be a promising method to produce nanosized cathode and anode materials.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Clean Technology Program through the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology funded by the Ministry Knowledge Economy (KC000646). Additional support by Global Research Lab. Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (grant number: 2010-00351), is appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Supercritical Fluid Research Laboratory, Clean Energy Center, Energy Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgok-dong Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Korea

    Seung-Ah Hong, Agung Nugroho & Jaehoon Kim

  2. Advanced Battery Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Korea

    Su Jin Kim, Kyung Yoon Chung & Byung-Won Cho

  3. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 5-1 Anam Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701, Korea

    Seung-Ah Hong, Su Jin Kim & Jeong Won Kang

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  1. Seung-Ah Hong
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  2. Agung Nugroho
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  3. Su Jin Kim
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  4. Jaehoon Kim
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  5. Kyung Yoon Chung
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  7. Jeong Won Kang
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Correspondence to Jaehoon Kim.

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Hong, SA., Nugroho, A., Kim, S.J. et al. Continuous supercritical hydrothermal synthesis: lithium secondary ion battery applications. Res Chem Intermed 37, 429–440 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-011-0273-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-011-0273-3

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