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Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8)

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Abstract

The AC conductivity of nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid was investigated from 100 Hz to 1 MHz and temperature from 290 to 423 K. The AC conductivity was found to vary with frequency (σ(f)) and form two dispersion regions; the associated exponent factor “s” values were found to vary from 1.17 to 1.34 and from 0.42 to 0.67 (< 1). The value and temperature dependent of s are found in agreement with conduction mechanism models of large-polaron tunneling and the correlated barrier hopping, at the first and the second regions, respectively. The real and the imaginary parts of the dielectric constant were observed to decrease as the frequency increases indicating the pronounce contribution of low-frequency polarization mechanisms. Furthermore, the activation free energy ∆F, enthalpy ∆H, and entropy ∆S of the sample were calculated as well.

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Acknowledgements

Gellert Mezei would like to acknowledge the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (ACS PRF) for their generous support of this research under Grant number 52907-ND10.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Physics Department, Tafila Technical University, P.O.Box 179, Tafila, 66110, Jordan

    Khalil J. Hamam

  2. Chemistry Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA

    Gellert Mezei & Wisam A. Al Isawi

  3. Physics Department, Hashemite University, P.O.Box 150459, Zarqa, 13115, Jordan

    Ziad Khattari, Mufeed Maghrabi & Feras Afaneh

  4. Physics Department, University of Banha, Banha, Egypt

    Fathy Salman

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  1. Khalil J. Hamam
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Hamam, K.J., Mezei, G., Khattari, Z. et al. Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8). Appl. Phys. A 125, 7 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-018-2147-7

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