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Synthesis of bismuth titanate (BTO) nanopowder and fabrication of microstrip rectangular patch antenna

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Abstract

The bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) or BTO nanopowder was synthesized from the combustion method and fabricated a microstrip rectangular patch antenna (MPA). The crystal structure and lattice spacing of BTO were evaluated from XRD, TEM, and SAED analysis. The crystal structure of BTO (annealed at 900 °C) was observed to be the orthorhombic phase with fcc lattice. The microstructure of BTO nanoparticles was confirmed the spherical and hexagonal shapes, which were slightly agglomerated due to the lack of stabilizing surfactants. The presence of weak and wide bands in Raman spectrum quantified the mechanical compressions to the uniform directions of elongated lattice constants and tensions to the lattice constriction of crystalline bismuth titanate. To fabricate the MPA, pellets of BTO nanopowder were prepared by applying the uniaxial pressure in the dimension of 1.5 mm thickness and 8 mm diameter. These pellets were formed a densely packed structure close to the theoretical density. The coercivity and remanence polarization of BTO ceramics increased as the applied field increased. The inexpensive combustion synthesis method of BTO nanopowder showed the high dielectric constant (ε′ = 450) and low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.98), which has a potential implication of the cost-effectiveness in the field of miniaturized microelectronics. The synthesis and measurements of BTO ceramics are found to be suitable for wireless communication systems.

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Acknowledgements

The Directorate of Extramural Research and Intellectual Property Rights (ER & IPR), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, is acknowledged for the financial support (Project No. ERIP/ER/1104613/M/01/1460). The authors are also thankful to Thiru. A. Tenzing, Correspondent, and Dr. S. Arivazhagan, Principal, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, for their constant support and encouragement. We thank the UGC-DAE-CSR, Indore, for dielectric characterization of the sample. This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Programs (NRF-2013R1A1A2059900 and 2016R1A6A1A03012877), funded by the Ministry of Education (MoE) of the Korean government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, 626 005, India

    P. Thiruramanathan & A. Marikani

  2. Semiconductor Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, South Korea

    Sanjeev K. Sharma, S. Sankar & Deuk Young Kim

  3. Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India

    R. Sankar Ganesh

Authors
  1. P. Thiruramanathan
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  2. Sanjeev K. Sharma
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  3. S. Sankar
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  4. R. Sankar Ganesh
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  5. A. Marikani
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  6. Deuk Young Kim
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Correspondence to Sanjeev K. Sharma.

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Thiruramanathan, P., Sharma, S.K., Sankar, S. et al. Synthesis of bismuth titanate (BTO) nanopowder and fabrication of microstrip rectangular patch antenna. Appl. Phys. A 122, 1006 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0549-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0549-y

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