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Genetic diversity of reef fishes around Cuba: a multispecies assessment

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Abstract

We aimed to identify biotic and abiotic factors underlying genetic structure and diversity of reef fish around Cuba. For three species, Stegastes partitus, Haemulon flavolineatum and Acanthurus tractus, we investigated the effects of shared environmental factors, such as the geography of the Cuban Archipelago, and specific characteristics, such as life history traits, on genetic structure and diversity. Samples were collected at five locations around Cuba. For S. partitus and H. flavolineatum, mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite loci were examined, whereas only mitochondrial DNA polymorphism was analyzed for A. tractus. All three species showed high genetic diversity. Mismatch distribution analyses suggest past population expansion in all species, but at different times in each species. Haplotype network and population genetic analyses suggest that: (1) S. partitus went through a recent population bottleneck in the late Pleistocene, (2) H. flavolineatum went through a population bottleneck but earlier, in  the mid-Pleistocene, and (3) A. tractus has had a large and stable population size with coalescence times that go back to the late Pliocene. Genetic polymorphism in H. flavolineatum and A. tractus is homogeneous throughout the archipelago, whereas there is significant genetic structure in S. partitus. Genetic differentiation among S. partitus populations is most likely the result of the combined effects of egg type and oceanic current patterns along the Cuban coast.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Oscar Valmaña and Luis Sánchez for essential support with field work, and Gaspar González Sansón and Consuelo Aguilar Betancourt for valuable discussions on the ecology of marine fish. We also acknowledge Roamsy Volta for assistance with figure production. We thank also the three reviewers and the editor for their valuable comments and suggestions. This study was partially financed by the Research Grant A4139-1 from the International Foundation for Science awarded to ARB and the Embassy of France in Cuba.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16, No. 114 entre 1ra y 3ra, Miramar, 11300, Playa, La Habana, Cuba

    Jessy Castellanos-Gell & Erik García-Machado

  2. Pierre Fabre Iberica, Calle Ramón Trías Fargas, 7-11, 08005, Barcelona, Spain

    Aymée Robainas-Barcia

  3. Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costeros, 69 400, Cayo Coco, Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

    Fabián Pina-Amargós

  4. Acuario Nacional de Cuba, Calle 60, Miramar, 11300, Playa, La Habana, Cuba

    Pedro Chevalier-Monteagudo

  5. CSIRO, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia

    Cushla Metcalfe

  6. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil

    Wagner Franco Molina

  7. Evolution, Génomes, Comportement and Ecologie, CNRS, IRD, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Didier Casane

  8. Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205, Paris, France

    Didier Casane

Authors
  1. Jessy Castellanos-Gell
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  2. Aymée Robainas-Barcia
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  3. Fabián Pina-Amargós
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  4. Pedro Chevalier-Monteagudo
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  5. Cushla Metcalfe
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  6. Wagner Franco Molina
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  7. Didier Casane
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  8. Erik García-Machado
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jessy Castellanos-Gell or Erik García-Machado.

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Responsible Editor: O. Puebla.

Reviewed by C. A. Villegas Sanchez and undisclosed experts.

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Castellanos-Gell, J., Robainas-Barcia, A., Pina-Amargós, F. et al. Genetic diversity of reef fishes around Cuba: a multispecies assessment. Mar Biol 163, 165 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-016-2935-6

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