Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A comparison of dipterans from ten created and ten natural wetlands

  • Published:
Wetlands Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study compares densities of common larval dipterans collected from areas dominated byPontederia cordata in 10 natural and 10 created freshwater herbaceous wetlands in central Florida. At each wetland, 7 core samples were collected from each of 5 stations during summer 1993. In addition, stem densities, vegetation areal coverage, pH, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, water depth, conductivity, sediment quality, and leaf litter were measured at 3 locations near each of the 5 stations in each wetland. Of the 57 dipteran taxa collected, 20 occurred with sufficient abundance to justify statistical comparison. Despite a large sampling effort, there were no significant differences in densities of 20 commonly occurring taxa found in created and natural wetlands after considering the effect of multiple univariate tests. Comparison of environmental variables showed significant differences in stem densities for vegetation other thanP. cordata, pH, conductivity, and sediment quality. Canonical correspondence analysis, used to relate environmental and biological variables, suggests that pH, conductivity, and sediment quality are only weakly related to dipteran community structure. Despite differences in environmental conditions, there is no convincing evidence of differences in natural and created wetland dipteran communities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Alleng, G.P. and C.A.M. Whyte-Alleng. 1993. Survey of least tern nesting sites on the south coast of Jamaica. Colonial Waterbirds 16:190–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Batzer, D.P., M. McGee, V.H. Resh, and R.R. Smith. 1993. Characteristics of invertebrates consumed by mallards and prey responses to wetland flooding schedules. Wetlands 13:41–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennington, C.C. and W.V. Thayne. 1994. Use and misuse of mixed model analysis of variance in ecological studies. Ecological Applications 75:717–722.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boesch, D.F. 1977. Application of numerical classification in ecological investigations of water pollution. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Corvallis, OR, USA. EPA-600/3-77-033.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breeland, S.G. and T.M. Loyless. 1983. Illustrated Keys to the Mosquitoes of Florida, Adult Females and Fourth Stage Larvae. Office of Entomology, Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byers, G.W. 1984. Tipulidae. p. 491–514.In R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins (eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, E. and J.F. Gerber. 1990. Climate. p. 11–34.In R.L. Myers and J.J. Ewel (eds.) Ecosystems of Florida. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clifford, H.T. and W. Stephenson. 1975. An Introduction to Numerical Classification. Academic Press, New York, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coffman, W.P. and L.C. Ferrington, Jr. 1984. Chironomidae. p. 551–652.In R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins (eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetland and deepwater habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC, USA. FWS/OBS-79/31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cranston, P.S., D.R. Oliver, and O.A. Saether. 1983. The larvae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holaretic region—Keys and diagnoses. p. 149–292.In T. Wiederholm (ed.) Chironomidae of the Holarctic Region, Keys and Diagnoses, Part 1-Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 19.

  • Danell, K. and K. Sjoberg. 1982. Successional patterns of plants, invertebrates and ducks in a man-made lake. Journal of Applied Ecology 19:395–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dressler, R.L., D.W. Hall, K.D. Perkins, and N.H. Williams. 1991. Identification Manual for Wetland Plant Species of Florida. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Driver, E.A. 1977. Chironomid communities in small prairie ponds: some characteristics and controls. Freshwater Biology 7:121–133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, C.P. and P.M. Groffman. 1994. Comparing microbial parameters in natural and constructed wetlands. Journal of Environmental Quality 23:298–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Epler, J.H. 1992. Identification Manual for the Larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of Florida. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erwin, K.L. 1990. Wetland evaluation for restoration and creation. p. 429–449.In J.A. Kusler and M.E. Kentula (eds.). Wetland Creation and Restoration, The Status of the Science. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ewel, J.J. 1987. Restoration is the ultimate test of ecological theory. p. 31–33.In W.R. Jordan III, M.E. Gilpin, and J.D. Aber (eds.) Restoration Ecology, a Synthetic Approach to Ecological Research. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, J.B. 1982. Effects of macrobenthos on the chemical diagenesis of freshwater sediments. p. 177–220.In P.L. McCall and M.J.S. Tevesz (eds.) Animal-Sediment Relations. Plenum Press, New York, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fittkau, E.J. and S.S. Roback. 1983. The larvae of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region—Keys and diagnoses. p. 33–112In T. Wiederholm (ed.) Chironomidae of the Holaretic Region, Keys and Diagnoses, Part 1—Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 19.

  • Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 1994. The Biological Success of Created Marshes in Central Florida. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Tallahassee, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Florida Phosphate Council. 1991. 1991 Florida Phosphate Council Wetland Restoration Report. Florida Phosphate Council, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Florida Phosphate Council. 1994. Phosphate Facts. Florida Phosphate Council, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, M.F. and J.W. Tukey. 1959. Transformations related to the angular and the square root. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 21:607–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godwin, H. 1923. Dispersal of pond floras. Journal of Ecology 11:160–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, R.H. 1979. Sampling design and statistical methods for environmental biologists. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, R.J. and F.P. Ice. 1987. Evidence of acidification effects on stream insect communities in central Ontario between 1937 and 1985. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44:1652–1657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurlbert, S.H. 1984. Pseudoreplication and the design of ecological field experiments. Ecological Monographs 54:187–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hushes, D.A. 1966. Mountain streams of the Barberton area, eastern Transvaal. Part II, The effect of vegetational shading and direct illumination on the distribution of stream fauna. Hydrobiologia 27:439–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, G.E. 1957. Concluding remarks. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium for Quantitative Biology. 22:415–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kentula, M.E., R.P. Brooks, S.E. Gwin, C.C. Holland, A.D. Sherman, and J.C. Sifneos. 1993. An Approach to Improving Decision Making in Wetland Restoration and Creation. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, J.H. 1991. Chemical Functions and Water Quality in Marshes Reclaimed on Phosphate Mined Lands in central Florida. Masters Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krapu, G.L. and K.J. Reinecke. 1992. Foraging ecology and nutrition. p. 1–29.In B.D.J. Batt, A.D. Afton, M.G. Anderson, C.D. Ankney, D.H. Johnson, J.A. Kadlec, and G.L. Krapu (eds.) Ecology and Management of Breeding Waterfowl. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langis, R., M. Zalejko, and J.B. Zedler. 1991. Nitrogen assessments in a created and natural salt marsh of San Diego Bay. Ecological Applications 1:40–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maher, M. and S.M. Carpenter. 1984. Benthic studies of waterfowl breeding habitat in south-western New South Wales. II. Chironomid populations. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35:97–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marks, R.G. 1990. Analyzing Research Data. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • McClanahan, T. 1983. A preliminary analysis of the effects of distance and density of a seed source on the fate of natural succession in phosphate mined lands. p. 149–156.In Interaction of Wetlands with the Phosphate Industry. Florida Institute of Phosphate Research, Bartow, FL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, D.G. and C.R. Griffin. 1994. Wetland use by river otters in Massachusetts. Journal of Wildlife Management 58:18–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newson, H.D. 1984. Culicidae. p. 515–533.In R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins (eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nursall, J.R. 1952. The early development of a bottom fauna in a new power reservoir in the rocky mountains of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 30:387–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peterman, R.M. 1990. Statistical power analysis can improve fisheries research and management. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47:2–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinder, L.C.V. and F. Reiss. 1983. The larvae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holaretic region—Keys and diagnoses. p. 293–436.In T. Wiederholm (ed.) Chironomidae of the Holarctic Region, Keys and diagnoses, Part I-Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 19.

  • Quammen, M.L. 1986. Measuring the success of wetlands mitigation. National Wetlands Newsletter 8:6–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacco, J.N., E.D. Seneca, and T.R. Wentworth. 1994. Infaunal community development of artificially established salt marshes in North Carolina. Estuaries 17:489–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SAS Institute Inc. 1985. SAS® User’s Guide: Statistics. Version 5 Edition. Sas Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAS Institute Inc. 1992. SAS® Technical Report P-229, SAS STAT® Softwar: Changes and Enhancements, Release 6.07. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, G.G.E. 1983. A review of factors governing the distribution of two closely related corixids in the saline lakes of British Columbia. Hydrobiologia 105:143–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Streever, W.J. and S.A. Bloom. 1993. The self-similarity curve: a new method of determining the sampling effort required to characterize communities. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 8:401–403.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streever, W.J. and T.L. Crisman. 1993a. A comparison of fish populations from natural and created freshwater marshes in central Florida. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 8:149–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streever, W.J. and T.L. Crisman. 1993b. A preliminary comparison of meiobenthic cladoceran assemblages in natural and created wetlands in central Florida. Wetlands 13:229–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Streever, W.J., D.L. Evans, C.M. Keenan, and T.L. crisman. 1995. Chironomidae (Diptera) and vegetation in a created wetland and implications for sampling. Wetlands 15:285–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streever, W.J. and K.M. Portier. 1994. A computer program to assist with sampling design in the comparison of natural and created wetlands. Wetlands 14:199–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ter Braak, C.J.E. 1986. Canonical correspondence analysis: A new eigenvector technique of multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology 67:1167–1179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ter Braak, C.J.E. 1988. CANOCO—a FORTRAN Program for Canonical Community Ordination. Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, New York, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teskey, H.J. 1984. Part one. Larvae of aquatic Diptera. p. 448–466In R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins (eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waterhouse, J.C. and M.P. Farrell. 1985. Identifying pollution related changes in chironomid communities as a function of taxonomic rank. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42:406–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb, D.W. and W.U. Brigham. 1982. Aquatic Diptera. p. 11.1–11.111.In A.R. Brigham, W.U. Brigham, and A. Gnilka (eds.) Aquatic Insects and Oligochaetes of North and South Carolina. Midwest Aquatic Enterprises, IL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetzel, R.G. 1983. Limnology. Saunders College Publishing, New York, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitman, W.R. 1976. Impoundments for waterfowl. Canadian Wildlife Service, Occasional Papers 22:1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zedler, J.B. 1993. Canopy architecture of natural and planted cordgrass marshes: Selecting habitat evaluation criteria. Ecological Applications 3:123–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zedler, J.B. and R. Langis. 1991. Comparison of created and natural salt marshes of San Diego Bay. Restoration and Management Notes 9:21–25.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia

    William J. Streever

  2. Department of Statistics, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Ken M. Portier

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Thomas L. Crisman

Authors
  1. William J. Streever
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ken M. Portier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Thomas L. Crisman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Streever, W.J., Portier, K.M. & Crisman, T.L. A comparison of dipterans from ten created and ten natural wetlands. Wetlands 16, 416–428 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161331

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161331

Key Words

Search

Navigation