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De diagnose ‘aan autisme verwante stoornis’ in een historisch perspectief

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Kind en adolescent

Samenvatting

Samenvatting: Na een eerste definiëring van autisme door Kanner in 1943, zijn er veel verwante beelden beschreven. Deze komen echter in de classificatiesystemen terecht in een restgroep van de (nog) nader te omschrijven pervasieve ontwikkelingsstoornissen. De verschillende concepten worden in een historisch perspectief besproken, evenals de verschillende benaderingswijzen. De groepen aan autisme verwante stoornissen blijken onderling nogal verschillend. Zij komen overeen in hun kwalitatieve verwantschap met autisme en de zorgwekkende persistentie naar schizoïde en schizotypische persoonlijkheidsstoornissen. De hogere prevalentie van schizofrenie doet ook een verwantschap met schizofrene spectrum–stoornissen vermoeden.

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Notes

  1. Dit artikel is een bewerkte versie van de gelijknamige bijdrage van mevr. S. Buma aan het symposium over aan autisme verwante stoornissen, dat in februari 1995 door de afdeling Kinder– en Jeugdpsychiatrie van het Sophia Kinderziekenhuis in Rotterdam werd georganiseerd.

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    S. Buma & R. J. van der Gaag

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  1. S. Buma
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  2. R. J. van der Gaag
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Summary

Following Leo Kanner's first account of an autistic disorder many related disorders have been described. They are currently mostly relegated to the category of pervasive developmental disorder yet to be specified. The different concepts that have arisen over time are presented in a historical perspective. The different approaches – the categorial, the dimensional and the multivariate analysis – are discussed. There are many differences between the ‘related disorders’. All seem qualitatively related to autism. They are all very persistent through adulthood converging into schizoid and schizotypical personality disorders. There also seems to be some relationship with schizophrenia–spectrum disorders.

Mevr. S. Buma, kinder– en jeugdpsychiater, is werkzaam bij De Ruyterstee, kinder– en jeugdpsychiatrisch centrum te Smilde en Assen, en de afdeling Jeugd van de RIAGGAssen.

Dr. R.J. van der Gaag, kinder– en jeugdpsychiater, is werkzaam bij de Riethorst, de divisie kinder– en jeugdpsychiatrie van het Psychiatrisch Ziekenhuis Veldwijk te Ermelo en Lelystad, het Veldwijk Research Instituut en verbonden voor onderwijs en onderzoek aan de divisie Psychiatrie van het Academisch Ziekenhuis in Utrecht.

Contactadres: Psychiatrisch Ziekenhuis Veldwijk, Postbus 1000, 3850 BA Ermelo.

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Buma, S., van der Gaag, R.J. De diagnose ‘aan autisme verwante stoornis’ in een historisch perspectief. KIAD 17, 45–57 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03060617

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