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L'influence des hormones gonadales sur la douleur

  • Published:
Douleur et Analgésie

Résumé

A la lumière des données qui suggèrent l'existence de différences fondamentales au niveau de la perception de la douleur chez la femme et chez l'homme, le rôle des hormones sexuelles dans le contrôle de la douleur n'a pas cessé de captiver l'attention de la communauté scientifique pendant les dernières décennies. Quoique le mécanisme exact par lequel les hormones gonadales exercent leur influence sur les voies nociceptives demeure vague, des évidences en faveur de cette relation hormone-douleur abondent, que ce soit chez l'animal ou chez l'humain, tant au niveau expérimental qu'au niveau clinique. Plusieurs exemples illustrant cette relation hormone-douleur seront décrits dans cet article, telles les fluctuations cycliques de certains types de douleur cliniques et expérimentales avec le cycle menstruel, et les interactions entre les hormones gonadales avec certains agents neuroactifs impliqués dans la modulation de la douleur. Nous discuterons aussi du lien entre les hormones gonadales et le système nerveux sympathique, leur effet sur la neuroplasticité, et leur influence sur les voies analgésiques opioïdes.

Summary

In light of the evidence, which illustrate fundamental differences in pain perception between males and females, the role of sex hormone in pain modulation has become the focus of attention of the scientific community during the last few decades. Although the exact mechanism by which sex hormones modulate pain pathways is still unclear, evidence of their involvement is supported by numerous data, whether from animal, clinical or experimental studies. Examples of the link between the sex hormones and pain will be described in this paper, including the cyclical fluctuations of clinical and experimental pains following the menstrual cycle, and the interaction of the sex hormones with various neurochemicals involved in pain modulation. The influence of sex hormones on the sympathetic nervous system, on neuroplasticity, and the descending opioid analgesic pathway will also be discussed.

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  1. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, M5G 1G6, Toronto, (Ontario)

    Thuan T. Dao

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Dao, T.T. L'influence des hormones gonadales sur la douleur. Doul. et Analg. 16, 93–98 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03007109

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