Abstract
Four promising woody crops (Populusmaximowiczii x nigra (NE388), P.trichocarpa x deltoides (Nll), P.tremuloides, and SweetgumLiquidambar styraciflua) were pretreated by dilute sulfuric acid and evaluated in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process for ethanol production. The yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae was used in the fermentations alone, and in mixed cultures with β -glucosidase producingBrettanomyces dausenii. Commercial Genencor 150L cellulase enyme was either employed alone or supplemented with β- glucosidase. All SSFs were run at 37 …C for 8 d and compared to saccharifications at 45…C under the same enzyme loadings.S. cerevisiae alone achieved the highest ethanol yields and rates of hydrolysis at the higher enzyme loadings, whereas the mixed culture performed better at the lower enzyme loadings without β -glucosidase supplementation. The best overall rates of fermentation (3 d) and final theoretical ethanol yields (86–90%) were achieved with P.maximowiczii x nigra (NE388) and SweetgumLiquidambar styraciflua, followed by P.tremuloides and P.trichocarpa xdeltoides (N1l) with slightly slower rates and lower yields. Although there were some differences in SSF performance, all these pretreated woody crops show promise as substrates for ethanol production.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Takagi, M., Abe, S., Suzuki, S., Emert, G. H., and Yata, N. (1977), “A Method for Production of Alcohol Directly from Cellulose Using Cellulase and Yeast,” Proceedings, Bioconversion Symposium, IIT, Delhi, p. 551.
Blotkamp, P. J., Takagi, M, Pemberton, M. S., and Emert, G. H. (1978), “Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose and Simultaneous Fermentation to Alcohol,” The American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Series No. 74, 85.
Hinman, N. D., Wright, J. D., Hoagland, W., and Wyman, C. E. (1989),Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 20/21, 391.
Lastick, S. M., Spindler, D. D., and Grohmann, K. (1983),Wood and Agricultural Residues Research on Use for Feed, Fuels and Chemicals, E. J., 239.
Lastick, S. M., Spindler, D. D., Terrel, S., and Grohmann, D. (1984),The World Biotech. Report, vol. 2,84, 277.
Gonde, P., Blondin, B., Leclerc, M., Ratomahenina, R., Arnaud, A., and Galzy, P. (1984),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48, 265.
Spindler, D. D., Wyman, C. E., Mohagheghi, A., and Grohmann, K. (1988),Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 17, 279.
Szczodrak, J. and Targonski, Z. (1988),Biotechnol. Bioeng. 31, 300.
Spindler, D. D., Wyman, C. E., and Grohmann, K. (1989),Biotechnol. Bioeng. 34, 189.
Saddler, J. N. (1982), Forintek Canada Corp., Ottawa, Ontario, 45.
Gonde, P., Blondin, B., Ratomahenina, R., Arnaud, A., and Galzy, P. (1982),J. Fermentation Technol. 60, 579.
Freer, S. N. and Detroy, R. W. (1983),Biotechnol. Bioeng. 25, 541.
Wyman, C. E., Spindler, D. D., Grohmann, K., and Lastick, S. M. (1986),Biotechnol. Bioeng. Symp. 17, 221.
Howell, J. A. (1978),Biotechnol. Bioeng. 20, 847.
Ghosh, P., Pamment, N. B., and Martin, W. R. B. (1982),Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 4, 425.
Detroy, R. W., Lindenfelser, L. A., Sommer, S., and Orton, W. L. (1981),Biotechnol. Bioeng. 23, 1527.
Saddler, J. N., Mes-Hartree, M., Yu, E. K. C., and Brownell, H. H. (1983),Biotechnol. Bioeng. Symp. 13, 225.
Spindler, D. D., Wyman, C. E., Grohmann, K., and Mohagheghi, A. (1989),Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 20, 529.
Rivers, D. B., Zanin, G. M., and Emert, G. H. (1984),Proceedings, Arkansas Academy of Science 38, 95.
Katzen, R., Frederickson, R. E., Kaupisch, K. F., and Yeats, C. E. (1983),Appl. Polymer Symp. 37, 787.
Walkinshaw, J. W., Sladek, K. J., and Eberiel, D. T. (1984),Tappi Journal 67, 104.
Saddler, J. N., Hogan, C, Chan, M. K., and Louis-Sci.ze, G. (1982),Canadian J. Microbiol. 28, 1311.
Janssen, J. H., Burris, N., Woodward, A., and Bailey, R. B. (1983),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45, 598.
Ghose, T. K. (1987),Pure and Applied Chemistry 59, 257.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Spindler, D.D., Wyman, C.E. & Grohmann, K. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of pretreated woody crops to ethanol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 28, 773–786 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922648
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922648