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Observations on the origin of phaseolus polyanthus Greenman

Observaciones sobre el origen del Phaseolus polyanthus Greenman

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Abstract

Total seed protein variability in a sample of 163 entries of year-bean (Phaseolus polyanthus), including wild, feral and cultivated forms of the whole range of distribution in Latin America was studied using I-dimensional SDS/PAGE and 2-dimensional IEF-SDS/PAGE. Ten different patterns were observed in this crop. Eight of these are found in the Mesoamerican materials, the other two of those in the northern Andes. The highest diversity is found in the wild ancestral forms present in central Guatemala with six patterns. The ‘b’pattern predominant in all Mesoamerican cultivated materials is also present at low frequency in Colombia. The ‘k’ pattern, predominant in the northern Andes, is present in Costa Rica. These results together with information on indigenous names for the crop suggest that there is a single gene pool domesticated from a wild ancestor still present in Guatemala, and distributed afterwards to the northern Andes, but with a clinal genetic drift from Mesoamerica to the Andean region.

Résumé

La variabilidad de la proteína total en una muestra de 163 materiales de frijoles de Phaseolus polyanthus que incluye formas silvestres, escapadas y cultivadas de toda su distributión en América latina ha sido estudiada usando la técnica de electroforesis en una dimensión y en dos dimensiones después delpunto isoeléctrico. Se encontraron diez patrones diferentes en este cultivo, ocho en Mesoamérica y otros dos en los Andes del Norte. La mayor diversidad (seis patrones) se encontró en las formas silvestres ancestrales presentes en el centro de Guatemala. El patrón ‘b’ dominante en todos los materiales cultivados mesoamericanos es también presente con baja frecuencia en Colombia. Al reveés, el patrón ‘k’ dominante en los Andes del Norte ya loesen CostaRica. Estos resultados junto con la informatión linguistica traditional sugieren que se trata de un solo acervo genético. También indican que se domesticó este cultivo a partir de una forma silvestre ancestral aún presente en Guatemala. Sugieren enfin una distribution posterior hacia los Andes del Norte donde una deriva genética empieza de manifestarse con relatión a Mesoamérica.

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  1. V. Schmit

    Present address: Unité de Phytotechnie Tropicale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, B-5030, Gembloux, BELGIUM

  2. D. G. Debouck

    Present address: International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Research Programme, Via delle Seite Chiese 142, 00145, Rome, ITALY

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  1. Genetic Resources Unit, Centra International de Agricultura Tropical, Apartado Aéreo6713, Cali, COLOMBIA

    V. Schmit

  2. CIATIBPGR Research Programme, Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Apartado Aéreo 6713, Cali, COLOMBIA

    D. G. Debouck

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Schmit, V., Debouck, D.G. Observations on the origin of phaseolus polyanthus Greenman. Econ Bot 45, 345–364 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02887077

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