Abstract
This article reviews syntheses of mesoporous aluminosilicates and aluminum oxides based on surfactant templating methods. The incorporation of aluminum in the silicate frameworks generates acid sites and ion-exchange sites. Both, tetrahedral framework aluminum and octahedral extraframework aluminum can be present, depending on the aluminum precursor used. The aluminum-containing structures tend to be less ordered than their purely siliccous analogs. Dealumination plays a significant role during template removal. Other methods for the synthesis of mesoporous aluminum-containing sieves are based on the structural transformation of kanemite, and on cluster precursors which may be connected by self-condensation or by condensation with silicate bridges. Purely aluminous mesostructures can be prepared with neutral templates or by condensing Keggin-like aluminum clusters in an ordered salt with an anionic surfactant.
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Stein, A., Holland, B. Aluminum-containing mesostructural materials. J Porous Mater 3, 83–92 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01186037
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01186037