Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Trailmaking and number-connection tests in the assessment of mental state in portal systemic encephalopathy

  • Methods and Techniques
  • Published:
The American Journal of Digestive Diseases Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Davidson EA, Summerskill WHJ: Psychiatric aspects of liver disease. Postgrad Med J 32:487, 1956

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fung WP, Khoo OT: Lactulose in the treatment of acute and chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Singapore Med J 12:176, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  3. War Department Pamphlet No. 12-12. The Army Individual Test (AIT-1). U.S. Government, April 1945

  4. Armitage SG: An analysis of certain psychological tests used for the evaluation of brain injury. Psychol Monogr 60:1

  5. Reitan RM: The relation of the trail making test to organic brain damage. J Consult Psychol 19:393, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  6. Reitan RM: Validity of the trail making test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept Motor Skills 8:271, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  7. Reitan RM: Correlations between the trail making test and the Wechsler-Bellevue scale. Percept Motor Skills 9:127, 1959

    Google Scholar 

  8. Reitan RM, Tarshes EL: Differential effects of lateralized brain lesions on the trail making test. J N Ment Dis 129:257, 1959

    Google Scholar 

  9. Alvarez RR: Comparison of depressive and brain-injured subjects on the trail making test. Percept Motor Skills 41:91, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  10. Davids A, Goldenberg L: The relation of the Archimedes spiral aftereffect and the trail making test to brain damage in children. J Consult Psychol 21:429, 1957

    Google Scholar 

  11. Korman M, Blumberg S: Comparative efficiency of some tests of cerebral damage. J Consult Psychol 27:303, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  12. Loiselle RH, Young KM, McDonald MM: Four common tests of brain damage compared. Psychiatr Commun 10:41, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  13. Brown EC, Casey A, Fisch RI, Neuringer C: Trail making test as a screening device for the detection of brain damage. J Consult Psychol 22:469, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  14. Conn HO, Leevy CM, Vlahcevic ZR, Rodgers JB, Maddrey WC, Seeff L, Levy LL: A comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy: A double-blind controlled trial. Gastroenterology 72:573, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  15. Parsons-Smith BG, Summerskill WHJ, Dawson AM, Sherlock S: Electroencephalograph in liver disease. Lancet 2:867, 1957

    Google Scholar 

  16. Seligson D, Hirahara K: The measurement of ammonia in whole blood, erythrocytes and plasma. J Lab Clin Med 49:962–974, 1957

    Google Scholar 

  17. Partington JE:Cited by Brown EC, Ref.-Trail making test as a screening device for the detection of brain damage. J Consult Psychol 22:469, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  18. Partington JE, Leiter RG: Partington's Pathways Test. Psychol Ser Ctr J 1:949, 1949

    Google Scholar 

  19. Leiter RG, Partington JE: Examination manual for the Leiter-Partington Adult Performance Scale. Washington, Psychological Service Center Press, 1950

    Google Scholar 

  20. Zeegan R, Drinkwater JE, Dawson AM: Method for measuring cerebral dysfunction in patients with liver disease. Br Med J 2:633, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  21. Phillips GB, Schwartz R, Gabuzda GJ, Davidson CS: The syndrome of impending hepatic coma in patients with cirrhosis of the liver given certain nitrogenous substances. N Eng J Med 247:239–246, 1952

    Google Scholar 

  22. Alexander RW, Berman E, Balfour DC Jr: Relationship of glutamic acid and blood ammonia to hepatic coma. Gastroenterology 29:711–718, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chalmers TC: Pathogenesis and treatment of hepatic failure. N Eng J Med 263:23–30, 1960

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Service, Veterans Administration Hospital, West Haven, Connecticut

    Harold O. Conn MD

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

    Harold O. Conn MD

Authors
  1. Harold O. Conn MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Conn, H.O. Trailmaking and number-connection tests in the assessment of mental state in portal systemic encephalopathy. Digest Dis Sci 22, 541–550 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01072510

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01072510

Keywords

Search

Navigation