Abstract
The interdiffusion of l− and Cl− ions and the tracer diffusion of Cs+ ions in watersaturated Ordinary Portland Cement have been measured at 30° C as a function of water/ cement ratio at fabrication. The diffusion was strongly influenced by the water/cement ratio in an approximately exponential manner and the Cs+ ions were significantly less mobile than the other ions. Diffusion measurements and electrical conductivity measurements have also been made as a function of temperature and reveal that significant irreversible changes in pore structure were induced on heating. The implications of the observations for the diffusion mechanism and the probable pore structure of the cement paste are discussed.
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Abbreviations
- c 1,c s :
-
Concentration in liquid, atom or solid m−3
- 〈c〉:
-
Average concentration atom in the porous medium m−3
- D a :
-
Apparent diffusion coefficient in porous medium m2 sec−1
- D f :
-
Diffusion coefficient in free liquid m2 sec−1
- D i :
-
Intrinsic diffusion coefficient in porous medium m2 sec−1
- D p :
-
Diffusion coefficient in pore liquid m2 sec−1
- e :
-
Charge on the electron C
- J x :
-
Flux of diffusant along directionx per unit area of liquid atom m−2 sec−1
- 〈J x〉:
-
Flux of diffusant per unit area of porous medium atom m−2 sec−1
- k :
-
Boltzmann constant J K−1
- K d :
-
Gravimetric distribution coefficient between solid and liquid m3 kg−1
- Q :
-
Diffusibility of porous medium
- t :
-
Time sec
- T :
-
Absolute temperature K
- x :
-
Position m
- z :
-
Valency on an ion
- α :
-
Capacity factor
- γ :
-
Volumetric distribution coefficient between solid and liquid −
- δ :
-
Constrictivity of pore structure
- e :
-
Volume fraction of porosity
- ϱ a :
-
Apparent density of porous medium kg m−3
- λ 0 :
-
Equivalent ionic conductivity at infinite dilution Ω−1 m2 equ−1
- σ :
-
Electrical conductivity Ω−1 m−1
- σ f :
-
Electrical conductivity of free electrolyte Ω−1 m−1
- σ s :
-
Electrical conductivity or porous medium saturated with electrolyte Ω−1 m−1
- τ :
-
Tortuosity of pore structure -
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Atkinson, A., Nickerson, A.K. The diffusion of ions through water-saturated cement. J Mater Sci 19, 3068–3078 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01026986
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01026986