Abstract
A screening of twenty aqueous electrolytes for a film-forming electropolymerization of pyrrole with Al was performed. Electrodeposition of well adhering homogeneous polypyrrole layers on aluminium is possible from aqueous electrolytes containing 0.1–0.8M oxalic acid. Pretreatment of the metal by polishing (PD) or by anodic (galvanostatic) activation (GA) is an essential step. In all cases, the Al2O3 surface layer with pores, usually filled with electrolyte, is transformed to a Al2O3 layer with polypyrrole filled pores. The PPy-layers on Al allow an easy cathodic coating with metals like copper. The hydrogenoxalate doped layers exhibit the ususal redox capacity,y=0.3. The sandwich structure Al/Al2O3/PPy represents a condenser with an unusual composite dielectric with the electronically conducting ‘plates’ Al and PPy. According to our impedance measurements, the PPyin the pores is a high resistivity material due to overoxidation in the course of electropolymerization at high local current densities. The composite, Al2O3/overoxidized PPy, exhibits an unusually high permittivity, in the order of 103.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Angeli,Gazz. Chim. Ital. 46 II (1916) 279,48 II (1918) 21.
G. P. Gardini,Adv. Heterocycl. Chem. 15 (1973) 67.
R. Steude, PhD thesis July 1933, Technische Hochschule, Munich.
A. Dall'Olio, Y. Dascola, V. Varacca and V. Bocchi,C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. C,267 (1968) 433.
A. F. Diaz and J. I. Castillo,J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1980) 397.
A. F. Diaz,Chemica Scripta 17 (1981) 145.
G. Wegner,Angew. Chem. 93 (1981) 352,Angew. Chem. Internat. 20 (1981) 361.
T. A. Skotheim (Ed.), Handbook of Conducting Polymers’, Vols. 1 and 2, Marcel Dekker, New York (1986).
J. Heinze,Tropics in Current Chemistry 191 (1989), in press.
J. Prejza, I. Lundström and T. Skotheim,J. Electrochem. Soc. 129 (1982) 1685.
K. M. Cheung, D. Bloor and G. C. Stevens,Polymer 29 (1988) 1709.
M. Schirmeisen and F. Beck,J. Appl. Electrochem. 19 (1989) 401.
P. Hülser and F. Beck,J. Electroanal. Chem., in press.
F. Beck and H. Schulz,Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984) 155.
F. Keller, M. S. Hunter and D. L. Robinson,J. Electrochem. Soc. 100 (1953) 411.
P. A. Malachesky, in ‘Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements’, (edited by A. J. Bard), Marcel Dekker, New York (1976).
U. R. Evans, ‘Conference on Localized Corrosion’, Williamsburg (1974) (edited by R. W. Staehle, J. Kruger and B. F. Brown), NACE, Houston (1974).
‘Proceed. 4th Internat. Symp. Passivity’ (Airlie), 1977, (edited by R. P. Frankenthal and J. Kruger), The Electrochem Soc, Princeton (1978).
H. Kaesche, ‘Die Korrosion der Metalle’, Springer, Berlin (1978), (Corrosion of Metals, NACE, Houston 1986).
M. Baumgartner and H. Kaeshce,Corros. Sci. 29 (1989) 363.
D. M. Drazic, S. K. Zecevic, R. T. Atanowski and A. R. Despic,Electrochem. Acta 28 (1983) 751.
S. Asavapiriyanont, G. K. Chandler, G. A. Gunawardena and D. Pletcher,J. Electroanal. Chem. 17 (1984) 229.
M. Oberst and F. Beck,Electrochim. Acta, submitted.
F. Beck and P. Hülser, German Patent Application 3906563.4 (2.3.1989).
F. Beck and P. Hülser,J. Electrochem. Soc., in press.
L. F. Warren and D. P. Anderson,J. Electrochem. Soc. 134 (1987) 101.
S. Kuwabata, J. Nakamura and H. Honeyama,J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. (1988) 779.
A. F. Bogenschütz, personal communication, also seeGalvanotechnik 77 (1986) 1575.
J. P. Hoar and G. C. Wood,Electrochim. Acta 7 (1962) 333.
R. D. Armstrong and K. Edmondson,Electrochim. Acta 18 (1973) 937.
J. Bessone, C. Mayer, K. Jüttner and W. J. Lorenz,Electrochim. Acta 28 (1983) 171.
J. Hitzig, K. Jüttner, W. J. Lorenz and W. Paatsch,J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 887.
F. Mansfeld and M. W. Kendig,J. Electrochem. Soc. 135 (1988) 828.
J. R. Macdonald and L. D. Potter, Jr.,Solid State Ionics 23 (1987) 61; J. R. Macdonald, Complex Nonlinear Least Squares Impedance Fitting Programme (CNLS programme).
F. Beck and M. Oberst,Makromol. Chem., Macromol Symp. 8 (1987) 97.
J. Tanguy, N. Mermilliod and M. Hoclet,J. Electrochem. Soc. 134 (1987) 796.
J. Tanguy, N. Mermilliod and M. Hoclet,Synth. Metals 18 (1987) 7.
F. Beck, P. Braun and M. Oberst,Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 91 (1987) 967.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hülser, P., Beck, F. Electrodeposition of polypyrrole layers on aluminium from aqueous electrolytes. J Appl Electrochem 20, 596–605 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01008869
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01008869