Skip to main content
Log in

Protease production by Rhizopus oligosporus in solid-state fermentation

  • Research
  • Published:
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Rice bran was superior to other proteinaceous substrates for protease production by Rhizopus oligosporus ACM 145F in solid-state fermentation. Maximum protease yield was after 72 h. The optimal initial moisture content was 47% (a w=0.97). Dried, ground and resuspended fermented rice was the most pratical and effective inoculum preparation, although, in the laboratory, spore suspensions prepared directly from agar slants were more convenient. Inoculum density (from 102 to 107 spores/g substrate) and age (3, 5, 7 and 9 days) had little effect on protease yield.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adler-Nissen, J. 1986 Enzymic Hydrolysis of Food Protein. London: Elsevier Applied Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Battaglino, R.A., Huergo, M., Pilosuf, A.M.R. & Bartholomai, G.B. 1991 Culture requirements for the production of protease by Aspergillus oryzea in solid-state fermentation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 35, 292–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capricorn Indonesia Consult 1989 Enzyme consumption recorded at 500 tons. Indochemical 34, 52–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chu, I., Lee, C. & Li, T. 1992 Production and degradation of alkaline protease in batch cultures of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 14416. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 14, 755–761.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukushima, Y., Itoh, H., Fukase, T. & Motai, H. 1989 Continuous protease production in a carbon-limited chemostat culture by salt tolerant Aspergillus oryzea. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology 30, 604–608.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glenn, D.R. and Rogers, P.L. 1988 A solid substrate fermentation process for an animal feed product: studies on fungal strain improvement. Australian Journal of Biotechnology 2, 50–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gumbira-Sa'id, E. Doelle, H.W., Greenfield, P.F. & Mitchell, D.A. 1991 Protein enrichment of sago starch by solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus spp. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 7, 419–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, R.S. and Phillips, J.A. 1981 Chemical composition. In Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology, eds Gerhardt, P., Murray, R.G.E., Costilow, R.N., Nester, E.W., Wood, W.A., Krieg, N.R. & Phillips, G.B. pp. 328–364. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesseltine, C.W., Smith, M. & Wang, H.L. 1967 New fermented cereal products. Developments in Industrial Microbiology 8, 1979–1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesseltine, C.W., Swain, E.W. & Wang, H.L. 1976 Production of fungal spores as inocula for oriental fermented foods. Developments in Industrial Microbiology 17, 101–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalisz, H.M. 1988 Microbial proteinases. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology 36, 1–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klapper, B.F., Jameson, D.M. & Mayer, R.M. 1973 Factors affecting the synthesis and release of the extracellular protease of Aspergillus oryzea NRRL 2160. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 304, 513–519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsane, B.K. & Ghildyal, N.P. 1992 Exoenzymes. In Solid Substrate Cultivation eds Doelle, H.W., Mitchell, D.A. & Rolz, C.E. pp. 191–209. London: Elsevier Applied Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malathi, S. & Chakraborty, R. 1991 Production of alkaline protease by a new Aspergillus flavus isolate under solid substrate fermentation conditions for use as a depilation agent. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57, 712–716.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, D.A. 1992 Microbial basis of process. In Solid Substrate Cultivation, eds Doelle, H.W., Mitchell, D.A. & Rolz, C.E. pp. 17–28. London: Elsevier Applied Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakadai, T. & Nasuno, S. 1988 Culture conditions of Aspergillus oryzae for production of enzyme preparation. Journal of Fermentation Technology 66, 525–533.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narahara, H., Koyama, Y., Yoshida, T., Pichangkura, S., Ueda, R. & Taguchi, H. 1982 Growth and enzyme production in a solid-state culture of Aspergillus oryzae. Journal of Fermentation Technology 60, 311–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishio, N., Tai, K. & Nagai, S. 1979 Hydrolase production by Aspergillus niger in solid-state cultivation. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 8, 263–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nout, M.J.R. & F.M.Rombouts. 1990 Recent developments in tempe research (Review). Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69, 609–633.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thakur, M.S., Karanth, N.G. & Nand, K. 1990 Production of fungal rennet by Mucor miehei using solid-state fermentation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 32, 409–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H.L., Vespa, J.B. & Hesseltine, C.W. 1974 Acid protease production by fungi used in soybean food fermentation. Applied Microbiology 27, 906–911.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokotsuka, T. 1991. Proteinaceous fermented foods and condiments prepared with koji molds. In Handbook of Applied Mycology, eds Arora, D.K., Mukerji, K.G. & Marth, E.H. pp. 329–373. New York: Marcel Dekker.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Additional information

The authors are with the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ikasari, L., Mitchell, D.A. Protease production by Rhizopus oligosporus in solid-state fermentation. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 10, 320–324 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414872

Download citation

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414872

Key words

Navigation