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Acetyl- and methyl-esterification of pectins of friable and compact sugar-beet calli: consequences for intercellular adhesion

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Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (2F4), specific for a conformational epitope of homopolygalacturonic acid induced by calcium ions, were used to compare the nature and the distribution of the pectic polysaccharides in cell walls of compact and friable sugar-beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. altissima) calli, at the electron-microscope level. Labelings performed before or after de-esterification pretreatments of callus sections enabled three major types of pectic polysaccharides to be distinguished within compact calli: (i) acidic pectins, probably with few acetyl ester groups, detected without any de-esterification treatment in expanded areas of cell separation but never on middle lamellae between tightly associated cells; (ii) highly methyl-esterified pectins with an expected low acetyl ester content, recognized by the 2F4 antibodies after pectin methylesterase de-esterification, and mostly located on intercellular junctions and on middle lamellae in the central zones of the calli; (iii) highly methyl-esterified and largely acetylated pectins, only localized after alkaline de-esterification, in all primary walls of the compact calli. By contrast, all pectins of friable calli were highly methyland acetyl-esterified. This was consistent with an average degree of methyl-esterification of about 60% measured in both calli, and a higher average degree of acetylation for the friable callus line (85%) compared to the compact one (60%). Accordingly, the pectic fraction (acid-soluble) predominant in both calli was acetyl-esterified to 85% in friable callus and to 22% in compact callus cell walls. Friability of sugar-beet callus is thus correlated with an increase in acetylation of its pectin. Labelings of the Golgi apparatus indicate that the pectic polymers of both callus types are synthesized in dictyosomes in a highly methyl-esterified form and are probably subsequently acetyl-esterified.

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Abbreviations

AIR:

alcohol-insoluble residue

DA:

degree of acetylation

DM:

degree of methyl-esterification

MAbs:

monoclonal antibodies

PME:

pectin methylesterase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Biotechnologie Théorique, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium

    Françoise Liners & Pierre Van Cutsem

  2. Hormonologie fondamentale et appliquée, Institut de Botanique B22, Sart Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium

    Thomas Gaspar

Authors
  1. Françoise Liners
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  2. Thomas Gaspar
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  3. Pierre Van Cutsem
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Additional information

Many thanks are due to Mrs. Ch. Devignon (Unité interfacultaire de microscopie électronique, FUNDP, Namur, Belgium) for her technical assistance. F.L. gratefully acknowledges Dr. J.-F. Thibault (Laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie des glucides, INRA, Nantes, France) for allowing her to stay in his laboratory and Dr. C. Renard for her help with biochemical analyses and her comments on the results. Appreciation is also expressed to P. Vandersmissen (Unité Cell, I.C.P., Bruxelles, Belgium) and to P. Cambier and C. Vinals (FUNDP) for their contribution. The work reported here was supported in part by grants from IRSIA and CGRI, Belgium, to F.L.

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Liners, F., Gaspar, T. & Van Cutsem, P. Acetyl- and methyl-esterification of pectins of friable and compact sugar-beet calli: consequences for intercellular adhesion. Planta 192, 545–556 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00203593

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