Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Expression of heat shock proteins during development of barley

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Plant Molecular Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Barley heat shock proteins have been cloned, characterized by hybrid release translation and sequenced. Clones coding for proteins of 17, 18, 30, 32 and 70 kDa have been obtained. Out of these the 32 and 30 kDa proteins have been characterized as precursors to plastidic proteins of 26 kDa by posttranslational transport and by cDNA sequencing. The coding regions of these two transcribed genes are highly homologous.

Accumulation of the plastid HSP as well as of HSP 70 as well as their corresponding mRNAs has been studied in 2- to 6-day old seedlings and in the 7-day old barley leaf. The mRNA for all investigated proteins were only found after a heat shock; the mRNA levels increase towards the tip of the leaf and with development. Furthermore, under the conditions used the mRNAs for all investigated heat shock proteins accumulate in parallel.

Unexpectedly, both proteins, HSP 70 and HSP 26, are found by western blotting in the 2-day old control plants in the absence of any inducing heat shock. At later stages of development and in the leaf gradient only immunoreactivity with HSP 70 was observed. In contrast to the levels of their mRNAs the highest levels of HSP 30–26 and 70 have been observed in the basal segments indicating that translational control plays a role during HSP expression. Under severe heat shock a protein of 30 kDa is induced whose identity is not known but which reacts with the antibody to HSP 30–26 and might represent the accumulating precursors of the plastidic proteins.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

ER:

endoplasmic reticulum

HS:

heat shock

HSP:

heat shock proteins

HSTF:

heat shock transcription factor

LHCP:

light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein

PAGE:

polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

SSU:

small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase.

References

  1. Avernethy RH, Thiel DS, Petersen NS, Helm K: Thermotolerance is developmentally dependent in germinating wheat seed. Plant Physiol 89: 598–576 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adamska I, Kloppstech K: Evidence for the localization of the nuclear-coded 22-kDa heat-shock protein in a subfraction of thylakoid membranes. Eur J Biochem 198: 375–381 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Adamska I, Scheel B, Kloppstech K: Circadian oscillations of nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins in pea (Pisum sativum). Plant Mol Biol 17: 1055–1065 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Apel K, Kloppstech K: The plastid membranes of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Light-induced appearance of mRNA coding for the apoprotein of the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein. Eur J Biochem 85: 581–588 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Baszczinsky CL, Walden DB, Atkinson BG: Regulation of gene expression in corn (Zea mays L.) by heat shock. Can J Biochem 60: 569–579 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baker NR, Leech RM: Development of photosystem I and photosystem II activities in leaves of light grown maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Physiol 60: 640–644 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bienz M, Pelham HRB: Mechanisms of heat-shock gene activation in higher eukaryotes. Adv Genet 24: 31–27 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chen Q, Lauzon L, DeRocker A, Vierling L: Accumulation, stability, and localization of a major chloroplast heat shock protein. J Cell Biol 110: 1873–1883 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Glaczinski H, Kloppstech K: Temperature-dependent binding to the thylakoid membranes of nuclear-coded chloroplast heat-shock proteins. Eur J Biochem 173: 579–583 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Grimm B, Kruse E, Kloppstech K: Transiently expressed early light-inducible thylakoid proteins share transmembrane domains with light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins. Plant Mol Biol 13: 583–593 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Grossman AR, Bartlett SG, Schmidt GW, Mullet JE, Chua NH: Optimal conditions for post-translation uptake of proteins by isolated chloroplasts. J Biol Chem 257: 1558–1563 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gubler U, Hoffman BJ: A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries. Gene 25: 263–269 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Helm KW, Abernethy RH: Heat shock proteins and their mRNAs in dry and early imbiling embryos of wheat. Plant Physiol 93: 1626–1633 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Howarth C: Heat shock proteins in Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum americanum. I. Genotypic and developmental variation during seed germination. Plant Cell Environ 12: 471–477 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kloppstech K, Meyer G, Schuster G, Ohad I: Synthesis, transport and localization of a nuclear coded 22-kDa heat-shock protein in the chloroplast membranes of pea and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. EMBO J 4: 1901–1909 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kloppstech K, Ohad I: Heat shock protein synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Translational control at the level of initiation of a poly(A)-rich RNA coded 22 kDa protein in a cell free system. Eur J Biochem 154: 63–68 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Knack G, Otto B, Ottersbach P, Alexander R, Liu Z, Kloppstech K: Structure and possible function of chloroplast heat-shock proteins and the effect of cyclic heat-shock on plant morphogenesis and circadian rhythmicity. In: Baltscheffsky M (ed) Current Research in Photosynthesis, Vol 4, pp. 579–586. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kruse E, Kloppstech K: Integration of early light-inducible proteins into isolated thylakoid membranes. Eur J Biochem 208: 195–202 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193: 265–275 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Habor Laboratory, Cold Spring Habor, NY (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Neumann D, Nover L, Parthier B, Rieger R, Scharf K-D, Wollgiehn R, zurNieden U: Heat shock and other stress response systems of plants. Biol Zentralbl 108: 1–156 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Nieto-Sotelo J, Vierling E, Ho T-DH: Cloning, sequence analysis and expression of a cDNA encoding a plastid localized heat shock protein in maize. Plant Physiol 93: 1321–1328 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Otto B, Grimm B, Ottersbach P, Kloppstech K: Circadian control of the accumulation of mRNAs for ligh- and heat-inducible chloroplast proteins in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Plant Physiol 88: 21–25 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ougham HJ: Gene expression during leaf development in Lolium temulentum: Pattern of protein synthesis to heat-shock and cold-shock. Physiol Plant 70: 497–484 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ougham HJ, Stoddart JL: Synthesis of heat shock protein and aquistition of thermotolerance in high temperature tolerant and high temperature susceptible lines of Sorghum. Plant Sci 44: 163–167 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Pfanner N, Söllner T, Neupert W: Mitochondrial import receptors for precursor proteins. Trends Biochem Sci 16: 63–67 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ricciardi RP, Miller JS, Roberts BE: Purification and mapping of specific mRNAs by hybridization-selection and cell-free translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76: 4927–4931 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Robertson D, Laetsch WM: Structure and function of developing barley plastids. Plant Physiol 54: 148–159 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR: Sequencing with chain terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 5463–5467 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Scharf K-D, Rose S, Schöffl W, Nover L: Three tomato genes code for heat stress transcription factors with a region of remarkable homology to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast HSTF. EMBO J 9: 4495–4501 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schuster G, Even D, Kloppstech K, Ohad I: Evidence for protection by heat-shock proteins against photoinhibition during heat-shock. EMBO J 7: 1–6 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sorger PK, Pelham HRB: Yeast heat shock factor is an essential DNA-binding protein that exhibits temperature-dependent phosphorylation. Cell 54: 855–864 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stüber D, Ibrahimi I, Cutler D, Dobberstein B, Bujard H: A novel in vitro transcription-translation system: Accurate and efficient synthesis of single proteins from cloned DNA sequences. EMBO J 3: 3143–3148 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Wiederecht G, Seto D, Parker CS: Isolation of the gene encoding the S. cerevisiae heat shock transcription factor. Cell 54: 841–854 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  35. VonGromoff E, Treier U, Beck CF: Three light-inducible heat shock genes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mol Cell Biol 9: 3911–3918 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Vierling E, Nagao RT, DeRocher AE, Harris LM: A heat shock protein localized chloroplasts is a member of a eukaryotic superfamily of heat shock proteins. EMBO J: 575–581 (1988).

  37. Vierling E: The role of heat shock proteins in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42: 579–620 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Vierling E, Sun A: Developmental expression of heat shock proteins in higher plants. In: Cherry JH (ed) Environmental stress in plants. Nato Asi Series Vol G 19, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Viro M, Kloppstech K: Differential expression of the genes for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein in the developing barley leaf. Planta 150: 41–45 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Weng I, Wang Z-F, Nguyen HT: A Triticum aestivum cDNA clone encoding a low molecular mass heat shock protein. Plant Mol Biol 17: 273–275 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Botanik, Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany

    Elisabeth Kruse, Zhonglai Liu & Klaus Kloppstech

Authors
  1. Elisabeth Kruse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhonglai Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Klaus Kloppstech
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kruse, E., Liu, Z. & Kloppstech, K. Expression of heat shock proteins during development of barley. Plant Mol Biol 23, 111–122 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021424

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021424

Key words

Search

Navigation