Abstract
Within the zone of root–soil interactions, the rhizosphere is a dynamic populated area which forms the first plant-influenced habitat encountered by soil microorganisms. The plant–microbe interactome includes a spectrum of mutualistic and parasitic relationships in the rhizosphere region, of which the interactions between plant and the growth promoting bacterial as well as plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis are of prime importance. These beneficial interactions are involved in promoting plant growth and development under biotic and abiotic stresses usually by direct release of microbial secretions and plant exudates in the root-soil surface area. Molecular mechanisms governing these complex root–soil–microbe interactions remain largely unknown, which hampers the development and use of reliable technologies like genome editing to engineer the components of rhizosphere for improved plant health and productivity. The aim of this chapter is first to explore the current understanding and knowledge gaps of the molecular pathways used by the symbionts during the interactions between plant and rhizosphere microbial community, and second to review the strategies for manipulating the rhizosphere region with the focus on engineering the root H+ efflux and organic anions, secondary metabolite composition of root exudates, and plant sink strength through alterations in root biomass accumulation and belowground carbon allocations for improved plant performance.
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Acknowledgments
We acknowledge support through the iPASS and PREMIS Initiatives at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program, a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was also funded in part by the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), which is located at PNNL and sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), US Department of Energy (DOE).
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Balasubramanian, V.K., Jansson, C., Baker, S.E., Ahkami, A.H. (2021). Molecular Mechanisms of Plant–Microbe Interactions in the Rhizosphere as Targets for Improving Plant Productivity. In: Gupta, V.V.S.R., Sharma, A.K. (eds) Rhizosphere Biology: Interactions Between Microbes and Plants. Rhizosphere Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6125-2_14
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