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ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects

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Abstract

Redox homeostasis is defined as a balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS elimination. Intracellular ROS are produced during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria and by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) family members. ROS are eliminated by antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxiredoxins as well as by nonenzymatic antioxidants. Moderate levels of ROS activate signaling pathways for cancer cell proliferation and survival, whereas high levels of ROS trigger apoptotic signals. Redox imbalance in cancer cells toward accelerated ROS production makes them more vulnerable to oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. Therefore, pro-oxidative molecules are exploited for the development of anticancer drugs. In this chapter, we discuss ROS-induced (i) mitochondria-, (ii) death receptor-, (iii) p53-, (iv) ER stress-, and (v) calcium-mediated apoptotic pathways in cancer. We also discuss (vi) prooxidant-based cancer therapy.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by grants from the CIHR (MOP-123400) and NSERC (RGPIN/06270-2019) to KYL and an Alberta Cancer Foundation graduate studentship to SN.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Authors’ Contributions

SN wrote the draft. JR and KYL revised the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Saranya NavaneethaKrishnan, Jesusa L. Rosales & Ki-Young Lee

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  1. Saranya NavaneethaKrishnan
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  2. Jesusa L. Rosales
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  3. Ki-Young Lee
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Correspondence to Ki-Young Lee .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysic, University of Kalyani Department of Biochemistry and Biophysic, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Dept of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, College Vet, Columbia, MO, USA

    Bimal K Ray

  3. Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre & Research Ins, Kolkata, India

    Sushanta Roychowdhury

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NavaneethaKrishnan, S., Rosales, J.L., Lee, KY. (2021). ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer. In: Chakraborti, S., Ray, B.K., Roychowdhury, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4501-6_48-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4501-6_48-1

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