Abstract
Nanotoxicology is a branch of toxicology that is related to potential effects of nanoparticles of diameter less than 100 nm. Due to relatively small size, they are reported to enter through biological tissue barriers and cellular membranes leading to toxic effects. Release of nanoparticles on the target surface also induces high level of toxicity in target cells. The nanoparticles are usually cationic and are easily attracted to the anionic biological membrane, resulting in the destruction of the membrane and interaction with proteins, DNA, and enzymes of the host cell. The carcinogenicity of some multiwall carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles are also reported in recent researches. Various concerns about the usage of nanoparticles including systemic translocation, direct effects on the central nervous system, intestinal tract involvement, biocompatibility, deposition, and clearing are reported till date. In this book chapter, we will review the potent role of nanomaterials to confer their toxicity at cellular and subcellular levels. Efforts have been made to summarize the new aspects of interactions with other toxicants either by reducing or enhancing health risks and the potent negative effects associated with nanomaterial pollution.
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Singh, S. et al. (2020). Challenges and Future Perspectives of Nanotoxicology. In: Siddhardha, B., Dyavaiah, M., Kasinathan, K. (eds) Model Organisms to Study Biological Activities and Toxicity of Nanoparticles. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1702-0_22
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