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Overcoming the Physiopathologic Barriers: Nanoprobes-Mediated Intracranial Glioma Imaging

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Abstract

Malignant glioma is characterized by active angiogenesis, high invasiveness and infiltration, and extremely rapid growth. Accurate visualization of glioma is crucial to the early diagnosis, preoperative localization, intraoperative guidance, and therapeutic evaluation and thus facilitates the clinical decision-making and improves the clinical outcomes of patients. However, conventional contrast agents directed toward intracranial glioma remain challenging, largely attributed to the existence of physiopathologic barriers unique to brain tumors. Remarkable advancements in nanotechnology and nanomedicine open a multidisciplinary field to design various nanoprobes for overcoming the physiopathologic barriers and for improved glioma imaging. This chapter starts with the critical biological challenges facing intracranial glioma. The innovative approaches for enhancing blood-brain barrier permeability and improved glioma targeting ability are presented. It then provides an overview of the unique advantages of nanomaterials for glioma imaging. The advanced applications of nanoprobes in intracranial glioma imaging are reviewed in detail, including magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic imaging, fluorescence imaging, multimodality imaging, and intraoperative glioma margin delineation. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives of this field are also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (2017YFA0205201), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81901872, 81422023, U1705281, and U1505221), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720160065 and 20720150141), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China (NCET-13-0502).

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Author notes

  1. Heng Liu and Yu Liu contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China

    Heng Liu & Fengyuan Man

  2. Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Yu Liu

  3. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

    Gang Liu

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  1. Heng Liu
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  2. Yu Liu
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  3. Fengyuan Man
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  4. Gang Liu
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Correspondence to Gang Liu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, Tianjin, China

    Xue Xue

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Liu, H., Liu, Y., Man, F., Liu, G. (2019). Overcoming the Physiopathologic Barriers: Nanoprobes-Mediated Intracranial Glioma Imaging. In: Xue, X. (eds) Nanomedicine in Brain Diseases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8731-9_5

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