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Inhibition Assays of Urease for Detecting Trivalent Chromium in Drinking Water

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Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering

Abstract

Biosensors are becoming famous for the on-field analytic application in the research areas such as environmental and clinical monitoring, considering the significant impact of food and water quality of human life. The excessive presence of heavy metals in drinking water is a serious issue and needed to monitor efficiently. Chromium (Cr), a heavy metal in drinking water, is well known for its numerous health ailments such as skin irritation, gastrointestinal problems, and vital organ damage due to its carcinogenic, toxic, and non-degradable nature. The paper deals with the evaluation of urease activity in the presence of various trivalent chromium concentrations to estimate the enzyme inhibition. Urease catalyzes urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Phenate method was used to determine the amount of ammonia released by urease activity. Cr interacts with urease by binding to a sulfhydryl group in its active site and leads to decline in enzyme activity. The study discusses the variation of urease activity in suspension form in the presence of trivalent chromium ions. The outcome of the study can further ameliorate the knowledge on enzyme immobilization kinetics for the development of the enzyme inhibition-based biosensors to detect trivalent chromium in drinking water.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India, for funding the research under DST-WTI (Water Technology Initiative) (WTI/2015/113). The authors thank the Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering and the Department of Electrical Engineering of National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India, for providing the research facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India

    Rushikesh Fopase, Suman Nayak & P. Balasubramanian

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India

    Monalisha Mohanta & Paresh Kale

Authors
  1. Rushikesh Fopase
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  2. Suman Nayak
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  3. Monalisha Mohanta
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  4. Paresh Kale
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  5. P. Balasubramanian
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Balasubramanian .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Testing Centre for Thermal Solar Systems (TZS), Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Harald Drück

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Radhakrishna G. Pillai

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India

    Manoj G Tharian

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India

    Aysha Zeneeb Majeed

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Fopase, R., Nayak, S., Mohanta, M., Kale, P., Balasubramanian, P. (2019). Inhibition Assays of Urease for Detecting Trivalent Chromium in Drinking Water. In: Drück, H., Pillai, R., Tharian, M., Majeed, A. (eds) Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1202-1_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1202-1_27

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  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1202-1

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