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Regenerative Medicine: Laboratory to Clinic pp 143–158Cite as

Ideal Stem Cell Candidate for Regenerative Medicine: Pluripotent Stem Cells, Adult Stem Cells, or Pluripotent Stem Cells in Adult Organs?

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Abstract

A big divide was created among stem cell biologists because of ethical issues associated with human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Adult stem cell biologists observed that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in bone marrow possess considerable “plasticity” and could replace hESCs for regenerative medicine. As a result several trials using autologous bone marrow cells were undertaken; however, no significant success has been achieved. Human ESCs and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells tend to give rise to fetal counterparts and thus may not regenerate adult organs efficiently. Another novel population of pluripotent stem cells has also been reported in various adult organs termed very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs). VSELs explain the “plasticity” of the bone marrow/cord blood cells and have better differentiation potential compared to ES/iPS cells. Present article is an effort to make a case for pluripotent VSELs as ideal stem cell candidate for endogenous regeneration of diseased organs.

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Abbreviations

BMT:

Bone marrow transplantation

hES:

Human embryonic stem

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

IVF:

In vitro fertilization

IVM:

In vitro maturation

PGC:

Primordial germ cell

TNC:

Total nucleated cells

UCB:

Umbilical cord blood

VSELs:

Very small embryonic-like stem cells

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Acknowledgments

I acknowledge all my students who worked on embryonic stem cells (Neeraj, Punam, Harsha, Prasad, and Varsha) and very small embryonic-like stem cells (Seema, Poorna, Ambreen, Hiren, Sandhya, Pranesh, Sona) along with two postdoctoral fellows Kalpana and Ranita. It would not be possible to write this chapter without their painstaking and dedicated research. Neeraj is no longer with us; I dedicate this article to him.

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  1. Stem Cell Biology Department, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India

    Deepa Bhartiya Ph.D.

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  1. Deepa Bhartiya Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Deepa Bhartiya Ph.D. .

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  1. Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

    Asok Mukhopadhyay

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Bhartiya, D. (2017). Ideal Stem Cell Candidate for Regenerative Medicine: Pluripotent Stem Cells, Adult Stem Cells, or Pluripotent Stem Cells in Adult Organs?. In: Mukhopadhyay, A. (eds) Regenerative Medicine: Laboratory to Clinic. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3701-6_9

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