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Biochemical and Molecular Methods for the Study of Marine Fungi

  • Chapter
Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean

Abstract

The term ‘fungus’ and the organisms studied by mycologists can be characterized by different definitions. The classical definition of a fungus (Alexopoulos and Mims, 1979) includes ‘eukaryotic, spore-bearing, achlorophyllous organisms that generally reproduce sexually and asexually, and whose usually filamentous, branched somatic structures are typically surrounded by cell walls containing chitin or cellulose, or both of these substances, together with many other complex organic molecules’. The authors recognized the limitations of the definition and a more appropriate term that characterizes the scope of mycological investigation was provided by Kendrick (1992): ‘eukaryotic, heterotrophic, absorptive organisms that develop a rather diffuse, branched, tubular body and reproduce by means of a spore’. Because the Kendrick definition is phylogenetically diffuse, the fungal and fungal-like organisms can be found in two kingdoms, the Chromista and the Fungi (Cavalier-Smith, 1993). As indicated in the definitions, a major difference between the Fungi and the Chromista lies in the presence and type of cell wall. As implied by the Kendrick definition, mycologists tend to study organisms that look and behave like fungi, regardless of their phylogenetic origin. An omission that should be noted is that neither definition explicitly states that many fungi are characterized by unicellular growth phases that may lack tubular or filamentous growth.

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Authors
  1. Jack W. Fell
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  2. Steven Y. Newell
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  1. Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA

    Keith E. Cooksey Professor

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Fell, J.W., Newell, S.Y. (1998). Biochemical and Molecular Methods for the Study of Marine Fungi. In: Cooksey, K.E. (eds) Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4928-0_12

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