Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular mechanisms to confer herbicide resistance

  • Chapter
Molecular Biology in Crop Protection

Abstract

Modern agriculture has been shaped by several major innovations which include mechanization, intensive plant breeding and pest control. Not the least of these has been the use of chemical herbicides which in western agriculture have replaced traditional labour-intensive manual methods of removing weeds. The history of synthetic weed killers dates back to the second world war with the invention of the phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Eradication of weeds from a crop enables enhanced yields through removal of competition for resources and prevents undesirable contamination of the harvested crop with weed seeds. Weeds may additionally act as a reservoir for crop pests. Minimum tillage practices are facilitated by the use of broad-spectrum herbicides. Recently, the desirability of chemical weed control methods has been questioned in some quarters. However, there can be no doubt that the availability of inexpensive, plentiful and varied food in the developed countries has been due to agricultural intensification of which chemical weed control methods are an integral part.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Acaster, M.A. and Weitzman, P.D.J. (1985) Kinetic analysis of glutamine synthetases from various plants. FEBS Letters, 189,241–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amrhein, N., Deus, B., Gehrke, P. and Steinrücken, H.C. (1980) The site of the inhibition of the shikimate pathway by glyphosate II. Interference of glyphos-ate with chorismate formation in vivo and in vitro. Plant Physiology, 66, 830–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barry, G., Kishore, G., Padgette, S., Taylor, M., Kolacz, K., Weldon, M., Re, D., Eichholtz, D., Fincher, K. and Hallas, L. (1992) Inhibition of amino acid biosynthesis: strategies for imparting glyphosate tolerance to crop plants, in Biosynthesis and Molecular Regulation of Amino Acids in Plants, (eds B.K. Singh, H.E. Flores and J.C. Shannon), American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD, pp. 139–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bayley, C., Trolinder, N., Ray, C., Morgan, M., Quisenberry, J.E. and Ow, D.W. (1992) Engineering 2,4-D resistance into cotton. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 83, 645–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bevan, M.W., Flavell, R.B. and Chilton, M.-D. (1983) A chimaeric antibiotic resistance gene as a selectable marker for plant cell transformation. Nature, 304, 184–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bozak, K.R., O’Keefe, D.P. and Christoffersen, R.E. (1992) Expression of a ripening-related Avocado (Persea americana) cytochrome P450 in yeast. Plant Physiology, 100, 1976–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brasileiro, A.C.M., Tourneur, C., Leplé, J.-C., Combes, V. and Jouanin, L. (1992) Expression of the mutant Arabidopsis thaliana acetolactate synthase gene confers chlorsulfuron resistance to transgenic poplar plants. Transgenic Research, 1,133–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.M. (1962) The biosynthesis of folic acid II. Inhibition by sulfonamides. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 237, 536–40.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, H.M., Dietrich, R.F., Kenyon, W.F. and Lichtner, F.T. (1991) Prospects for the biorational design of crop selective herbicides, in Proceedings Brighton Crop Protection Conference, The British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, UK, pp. 847–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchan-Wollaston, V., Snape, A. and Cannon, F. (1992). A plant selectable marker gene based on the detoxification of the herbicide dalapon. Plant Cell Reports, 11, 627–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaleff, R.S. and Mauvais, C.J. (1984) Acetolactate synthase is the site of action of two sulfonylureas in higher plants. Science, 224, 1443–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Charest, P.J., Hattori, J., De Moor, J., Iyer, V.N. and Miki, B.L. (1990) In vitro study of transgenic tobacco expressing Arabidopsis wild type and mutant acetohydroxyacid synthase genes. Plant Cell Reports, 8, 643–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, A.Y., Bogorad, L., Van Montagu, M. and Schell, J. (1988) Relocating a gene for herbicide tolerance: a chloroplast gene is converted into a nuclear gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 85, 391–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christou, P., Ford, T.L. and Kofron, M. (1992) The development of a variety-independent gene-transfer method for rice. Trends in Biotechnology, 10, 239–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cole, D.J., Edwards, R. and Owen, W.J. (1987) The role of metabolism in herbicide selectivity, in Herbicides. Progress in Pesticide Biochemistry and Toxicology, Vol. 6, (eds D.H. Hutson and T.R Roberts), Wiley, Chichester, pp. 57–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comai, L., Facciotti, D., Hiatt, W.R., Thompson, G., Rose, R. and Stalker, D. (1985) Expression in plants of a mutant aroA gene from Salmonella typhimurium confers tolerance to glyphosate. Nature, 317, 741–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comai, L., Sen, L.C. and Stalker, D.M. (1983) An altered aroA gene product confers resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. Science, 221, 370–1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cossins, E.A. (1987) One-carbon metabolism, in The Biochemistry of Plants — A Comprehensive Treatise, Vol. II, (ed. D.D. Davis), Academic Press, New York, pp. 318–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dale, P.J. (1992) Spread of engineered genes to wild relatives. Plant Physiology, 100, 13–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das Sarma, S., Tischer, E. and Goodman, H.M. (1986) Plant glutamine synthetase complements a glnA mutation in Escherichia coli. Science, 232, 1242–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Datta, S.K., Datta, K., Soltanifar, N., Donn, G. and Potrykus, I. (1992) Herbicide resistance in Indica rice plants from IRRI breeding line IR 72 after PEG-mediated transformation of protoplasts. Plant Molecular Biology, 20, 619–29.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Block, M. (1988) Genotype-independent leaf disc transformation of potato (Solanum tuberosum) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 76, 767–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Block, M., Botterman, J., Vandewiele, M., Dockx, J., Thoen, C., Gosselé, V., Movva, N.R., Thompson, C., Van Montagu, M. and Leemans, J. (1987). Engineering herbicide resistance in plants by expression of a detoxifying enzyme. EMBO Journal, 6, 2513–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Block, M., De Brouwer, D. and Terming, P. (1989) Transformation of Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the expression of the bar and neo genes in the transgenic plants. Plant Physiology, 91, 694–701.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Greef, W., Delon, R., De Block, M., Leemans, J. and Bottermans, J. (1989) Evaluation of herbicide resistance in transgenic crops under field conditions. Biotechnology, 7, 61–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • della-Cioppa, G., Bauer, S.C., Taylor, M.L., Rochester, D.E., Klein, B.K., Shah, D.M., Fraley, R.T. and Kishore, G.M. (1987) Targeting a herbicide-resistant enzyme from Escherichia coli to chloroplasts of higher plants. Bio/Technology, 5, 579–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devillard, C. (1992) Transformation in vitro of aspen (Populus tremula × Populus alba) by Agrobacterium rhizogenes and regeneration of plants tolerant to Basta. Compte Rendu Seances Académie des Sciences Series 3, 314, 291–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devine, M., Duke, S.O. and Fedtke, C. (1992) Physiology of Herbicide Action, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Halluin, K., Bossut, M., Bonne, E., Mazur, B., Leemans, J. and Botterman, J. (1992) Transformation of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) and evaluation of herbicide resistance in transgenic plants. Bio/Technology, 10, 309–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D’Halluin, K., Botterman, J. and De Greef, W. (1990) Engineering of herbicide-resistant alfalfa and evaluation under field conditions. Crop Science, 30, 866–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, A.D. (1991) Photosynthesis, in Target Sites for Herbicide Action (ed. R.C. Kirkwood), Plenum, New York, pp. 1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Don, R.H., Weightman, A.J., Knackmuss, H.-J. and Timmis, K.N. (1985) Transposon mutagenesis and cloning analysis of pathways for degradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 3-chlorobenzoate in Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP 134 (pJP4). Journal of Bacteriology, 161, 85–90.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dröge, W., Broer, I. and Pühler, A. (1992) Transgenic plants containing the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase gene metabolize the herbicide L-phosphinothricin (glufosinate) differently from untransformed plants. Planta, 187, 142–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eckes, P., Schmitt, P., Daub, W. and Wengenmayer, F. (1989) Over production of alfalfa glutamine synthetase in transgenic tobacco plants. Molecular and General Genetics, 217, 263–68.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards R. and Owen, W.J. (1986) Comparison of glutathione S-transferases of Zea mays responsible for herbicide detoxification in plants and suspension cultured cells. Planta, 169, 208–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falco, S.C. and Dumas, K.D. (1985) Genetic analysis of mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to the herbicide sulfometuron methyl. Genetics, 109, 21–35.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fillatti, J.J., Kiser, J., Rose, R. and Comai, L. (1987) Efficient transfer of a glyphosate tolerance gene into tomato using a binary Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. Bio/Technology, 5, 726–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraley, R.T. (1988) Field tested genetically engineered plants, in Genetic Improvements of Agriculturally Important Crops: Progress and Issues, (eds R.T. Fraley, N.M. Frey and J. Schell), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, pp. 83–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freyssinet, G., Leroux, B., Lebrun, M., Pelissier, B., Sailland, A. and Pallett, K.E. (1989) Transfer of bromoxynil resistance into crops, in Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference, The British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, UK, 1225–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon-Kamm, W.J., Spencer, T.M., Mangano, M.L., Adams, T.R., Daines, R.J., Start, W.G., O’Brien, J.V., Chambers, S.A., Adams, W.R., Willetts, N.G., Rice, T.B., Mackey, C.J., Krueger, R.W., Kausch, A.P. and Lemaux, P.G. (1990) Transformation of maize cells and regeneration of fertile transgenic plants. Plant Cell, 2, 603–18.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guerineau, F., Brooks, L., Meadows, J., Lucy, A., Robinson, C. and Mullineaux, P. (1990) Sulfonamide resistance gene for plant transformation. Plant Molecular Biology, 15, 127–36.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guerineau, F. and Mullineaux, P. (1989) Nucleotide sequence of the sulfonamide resistance gene from plasmid R46. Nucleic Acids Research, 17, 4370.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, L.M. and Devine, M.D. (1990) Cross resistance of a chlorsulfuron resistant biotype of Stellaria media to a triazolopyrimidine herbicide. Plant Physiology, 93, 962–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartnett, M.E., Chui, C.-F., Mauvais, C.J., McDevitt, R.E., Knowlton, S., Smith, J.K., Falco, S.C. and Mazur, B.J. (1990) Herbicide resistant plants carrying mutated acetolactate synthase genes, in Managing Resistance to Agrochemicals, (eds M.B. Green, H.M. LeBaron and W.K. Moberg), ACS Symposium Series 421, ACS, Washington, DC, pp. 459–75.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hattori, J., Rutledge, R., Labbé, H., Brown, D., Sunohara, G. and Miki, B. (1992) Multiple resistance to sulfonylureas and imidazolinones conferred by an acetohydroxyacid synthase gene with separate mutations for selective resistance. Molecular and General Genetics, 232, 167–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haughn, G.W., Smith, J., Mazur, B. and Somerville, C. (1988) Transformation with a mutant Arabidopsis acetolactate synthase gene renders tobacco resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides. Molecular and General Genetics, 211, 266–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herrera-Estrella, L., Depicker, A., Van Montagu, M. and Schell, J. (1983) Expression of chimaeric genes transferred into plant cells using a Ti-plasmid-derived vector. Nature, 303, 209–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinchee, M.A.W., Connor-Ward, D.V., Newell, C.A., McDonnell, R.E., Sato, S.J., Gasser, C.S., Fischhoff, D.A., Re, D.B., Fraley, R.T. and Horsch, R.B. (1988) Production of transgenic soybean plants using Agrobacterium mediated DNA transfer. Bio/Technology, 6, 915–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirschberg, J. and McIntosh, L. (1983) Molecular basis of herbicide resistance in Amaranthus hybridus. Science, 222, 1346–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirschberg, J., Yehuda, A.B., Pecker, I. and Ohad, N. (1987) Mutations resistant to photosystem II herbicides in Plant Molecular Biology, (eds D. von Wettstein and N.-H. Chua), Plenum, New York, pp. 357–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoagland, R.E., Duke, S.O. and Elmore, C.D. (1978) Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds II. Influence on soluble hydroxyphenolic compound, free amino acid and soluble protein levels in dark grown maize roots. Plant Science Letters, 13, 291–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, M.C. and McHughen, A. (1988) Glyphosate tolerant flax plants from Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer. Plant Cell Reports, 7, 281–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kidd, B.R., Stephen, N.H. and Duncan, H.J. (1982) The effect of asulam on purine biosynthesis. Plant Science Letters, 26, 211–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kishore, G.M., Padgette, S.R. and Fraley, R.T. (1992) History of herbicide-tolerant crops, methods of development and current state of the art — emphasis on glyphosate tolerance. Weed Technology, 6, 626–34.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • La Rossa, R.A. and Schloss, J.V. (1984) The sulfonylurea herbicide sulfometuron methyl is an extremely potent and selective inhibitor of acetolactate synthase in Salmonella typhimurium. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 259, 8753–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson-Kelly, N., Comai, L., Kiser, J., Mau, C., Pokalsky, A.R., McBride, K., Jones, A., Shewmaker, C. and Stalker, D.M. (1988) Chloroplast delivery of a bacterial EPSP synthase in transgenic plants and tolerance to glyphosate. SAAS Bulletin of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1, 37–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawther, R.P., Nichols, B., Zurawaski, G. and Hatfield, G.W. (1979) The nucleotide sequence preceding and including the beginning of the ilv E gene of the ilv GEDA operon of Escherichia coli K12. Nucleic Acids Research, 7, 2289–301.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leason, M., Dunliffe, D., Parkin, D., Lea, P.J. and Miflin, B.J. (1982) Inhibition of pea leaf glutamine synthetase by methionine sulfoximine, phosphinothricin and other glutamate analogues. Phytochemistry, 21, 855–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Baron, H.M. (1991) Distribution and seriousness of herbicide resistant weed infestations worldwide, in Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops, 11th Long Ashton Symposium, (eds J.C. Caseley, G.W. Cussons and R.K. Atkin), Butterworth-Heinmann, Oxford, pp. 27–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K.Y., Townsend, J., Tepperman, J., Black, M., Chui, C.-F, Mazur, B., Dunsmuir, P. and Bedbrook, J. (1988) The molecular basis of sulfonylurea herbicide resistance in tobacco. EMBO Journal, 7, 1241–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Z., Hayashimoto, A. and Murai, N. (1992) A sulfonylurea herbicide resistance gene from Arabidopsis thaliana as a new selectable marker for production of fertile transgenic rice plants. Plant Physiology, 100, 662–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, B., Yue, S., Hu, N., Li, X., Zhai, W., Li, N., Zhu, R., Zhu, L., Mao, D. and Zhou, P. (1990) Transfer of the atrazine resistance gene of black nightshade to the soybean chloroplast genome and its expression in transgenic plants. Science in China, Series B, 33, 444–52.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lyon, B.R., Llewellyn, D.J., Huppatz, J.L., Dennis, E.S. and Peacock, W.J. (1989) Expression of a bacterial gene in transgenic tobacco confers resistance to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Plant Molecular Biology, 13, 533–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier-Greiner, U.H., Klaus, C.B.A., Estermaier, L.M. and Hartmann, G.R. (1991a) Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants through degradation of the Phytotoxin to urea. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 30, 1314–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maier-Greiner, U.H., Obermaier-Skobranek, B.M.M., Estermaier, L.M., Kammerloher, W., Freund, C., Wülfing, C., Burkert, U.I., Matern, D.H., Breuer, M., Eulitz, M., Küfrevioglu, O.I. and Hartmann, G.R. (1991b) Isolation and properties of a nitrile hydratase from the soil fungus Myrothecium verrucaria that is highly specific for the fertilizer cyanamide and cloning of its gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 88, 4260–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazur, B.J., Chui, C.-F. and Smith, J.K. (1987) Isolation and characterisation of plant genes coding for acetolactate synthase, the target enzyme for two classes of herbicides. Plant Physiology, 85, 1110–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McBride, K.E., Kenny, J.W. and Stalker, D.M. (1986) Metabolism of the herbicide bromoxynil by Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 52, 325–30.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McHughen, A. (1989) Agrobacterium mediated transfer of chlorsulfuron resistance to commercial flax cultivars. Plant Cell Reports, 8, 445–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McHughen, A. and Holm, F. (1991) Herbicide resistant transgenic flax field test: agronomic performance in normal and sulfonylurea-containing soils. Euphytica, 55, 49–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miki, B.L., Labbé, H., Hattori, J., Ouellet, T., Gabard, J., Sunohara, G., Charest, P.J. and Iyer, V.N. (1990) Transformation of Brassica napus canola cultivars with Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase genes and analysis of herbicide resistance. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 80, 449–58.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mousedale, D.M. and Coggins, J.R. (1984) Purification and properties of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from seedlings of Pisum sativum L. Planta, 160, 78–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mousedale, D.M. and Coggins, J.R. (1985) Subcellular localization of the common shikimate pathway enzymes in Pisum sativum L. Planta, 163, 241–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami, T., Anzai, H., Imai, S., Satoh, A., Nagaoka, K. and Thompson, C.J. (1986) The bialaphos biosynthetic genes of Streptomyces hygroscopicus: molecular cloning and characterisation of the gene cluster. Molecular and General Genetics, 205, 42–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman, T., Friden, P., Sutton, A. and Freundlich, M. (1982) Cloning and expression of the ilv B gene of Escherichia coli K12. Molecular and General Genetics, 186, 378–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Odell, J.T., Caimi, P.G., Yadav, N.S. and Mauvais, C.J. (1990) Comparison of increased expression of wild-type and herbicide resistant acetolactate synthase genes in transgenic plants, and indication of post transcriptional limit on enzyme activity. Plant Physiology, 94, 1647–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Odell, J.T., Nagy, F. and Chua, N.-H. (1985) Identification of DNA sequences required for activity of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35 S promoter. Nature, 313, 810–2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, T.B. (1984) Site of action of chlorsulfuron. Inhibition of valine and isoleucine biosynthesis in plants. Plant Physiology, 75, 827–31.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riemenschneider, D.E., Haissig, B.E., Sellmer, J. and Fillatti, J.J. (1988) Expression of an herbicide tolerance gene in young plants of a transgenic hybrid poplar clone, in Somatic Cell Genetics of Woody Plants, (ed. M.R. Ahuja), Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 73–80.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, S., Ferone, R, Harvey, R.J., Styles, V.L. and Morrison, R.W. (1979) The characteristics and significance of sulfonamides as substrates for Escherichia coli dihydropteroate synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 254, 10337–45.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, G.E. and Pallett, K.E. (1985) In vitro activity and binding characteristics of the hydroxybenzonitriles in chloroplasts isolated from Matricaria indora and Viola arvensis. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 24, 317–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sathasivan, K., Haughn, G.W. and Murai, N. (1991) Molecular basis of imidazolinone herbicide resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana var. Columbia. Plant Physiology, 97, 1044–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saxena, P.M. and King, J. (1988) Herbicide resistance in Datura innoxia. Cross-resistance of sulfonylurea resistant cell lines to imidazolinones. Plant Physiology, 86, 863–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shah, D.M., Horsch, R.B., Klee, H.J., Kishore, G.M., Winter, J.A., Turner, N.E., Hironaka, C.M., Sanders, P.R., Gasser, C.S., Aykent, S., Siegel, N.R., Rogers, S.G. and Fraley, R.T. (1986) Engineering herbicide tolerance in transgenic plants. Science, 233, 478–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaner, D.L., Anderson, P.C. and Stidham, M.A. (1984) Imidazolinones. Potent inhibitors of acetohydroxyacid synthase. Plant Physiology, 76, 545–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squires, C.H., DeFelice, M., Wessler, S.R. and Calvo, J.M. (1981) Physical characterization of the ilv Hl Operon of Escherichia coli K12. Journal of Bacteriology, 147, 797–804.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stalker, D.M. (1991) Developing herbicide resistance in crops by gene transfer technology, in Plant Genetic Engineering, (ed. D Grierson), Blackie, Glasgow, pp. 82–104.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Stalker, D.M., Hiatt, W.R. and Comai, L. (1985) A single amino acid substitution in the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase confers resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 260, 4724–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stalker, D.M., and McBride, K.E. (1987) Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a Klebsiella ozaenae plasmid born gene encoding a nitrilase specific for the herbicide bromoxynil. Journal of Bacteriology, 169, 955–60.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stalker, D.M., McBride, K.E. and Malyj, L.D. (1988a) Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants expressing a bacterial detoxification gene. Science, 242, 419–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stalker, D.M., Malyj, L.D. and McBride, K.E. (1988b) Purification and properties of a nitrilase specific for the herbicide bromoxynil and corresponding nucleotide sequence analysis of the bxn gene. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 263, 6310–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinrücken, H.C., and Amrhein, N. (1980) The herbicide glyphosate is a potent inhibitor of 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid-3-phosphate synthase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 94, 1207–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strauch, E., Wohlleben, W. and Pühler, A. (1988) Cloning of a phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü 494 and its expression in Streptomyces lividans and Escherichia coli. Gene, 63, 65–74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Streber, W.R., Timmis, K.N. and Zenk, M.H. (1987) Analysis, cloning and high-level expression of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate monooxygenase gene tfd A of Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP 134. Journal of Bacteriology, 169, 2950–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Streber, W.R. and Willmitzer, L. (1989) Transgenic tobacco plants expressing a bacterial detoxifying enzyme are resistant to 2,4-D. Bio/Technology, 7, 811–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subraminian, M.V., Hung, H.-Y., Dias, J.M., Miner, V.W., Butler, J.H. and Jachetta, J.J. (1990) Properties of mutant acetolactate synthases resistant to triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide. Plant Physiology, 94, 239–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tachibana, K., Watanabe, T., Sekizawa, Y. and Takematsu, T. (1986) Accumulation of ammonia in plants treated with bialaphos. Journal of Pesticide Science, 11, 33–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, C.J., Movva, N.R., Tizard, R, Crameri, R., Davies, J.E., Lauwereys, M. and Botterman, J. (1987) Characterisation of the herbicide resistance gene bar from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. EMBO Journal, 6, 2519–23.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tynan, J.L., Williams, M.K. and Conner, A.J. (1990) Low frequency of pollen dispersal from a field trial of transgenic potatoes. Journal of Genetics and Breeding, 44, 303–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasil, V., Castillo, A.M., Fromm, M.E. and Vasil, I.K. (1992) Herbicide resistant fertile transgenic wheat plants obtained by microprojectile bombardment of regenerate embryogenie callus. Bio/Technology, 10, 667–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veerasekaran, P., Kirkwood, R.C. and Parnell, E.W. (1981) Studies on the mechanism of action of asulam in plants. Part II: effect of asulam on the biosynthesis of folic acid. Pesticide Science, 12, 330–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vermeulen, A., Vaucheret, H, Pautot, V. and Chupeau, Y. (1992) Agrobacterium mediated transfer of a mutant Arabidopsis acetolactate synthase gene confers resistance to chlorsulfuron in chicory (Cichorium intybus). Plant Cell Reports, 11, 243–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Z., Takamizo, T., Iglesias, V.A., Osusky, M., Nagel, J., Potrykus, I. and Spangenberg, G. (1992) Transgenic plants of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) obtained by direct gene transfer to protoplasts. Bio/Technology, 10, 691–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wohlleben, W., Arnold, W., Broer, I., Hillemann, D., Strauch, E. and Pühler, A. (1988) Nucleotide sequence of the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü 494 and its expression in Nicotiana tabacum. Gene, 70, 25–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav, N., McDevitt, R.E., Benard, S. and Falco, S.C. (1986) Single amino acid substitutions in the enzyme acetolactate synthase confer resistance to the herbicide sulfometuron methyl. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 83, 4418–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. D. J. Cole
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Science, The Scottish Agricultural College, Ayr, UK

    George Marshall  & Dale Walters  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cole, D.J. (1994). Molecular mechanisms to confer herbicide resistance. In: Marshall, G., Walters, D. (eds) Molecular Biology in Crop Protection. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1248-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1248-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-54400-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1248-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation