Skip to main content

Abstract

Depletion of in planta salicylic acid in transgenic salicylate hydroxylase (NahG)­containing plants, has shown that this phenolic compound is essential for expression of several modes of plant disease resistance. These include i) the rapid defense response found in some cases of genetically determined resistance, ii) the manifestation of disease symptoms in cases where genetic resistance is not acting, and iii) the induced, broad spectrum resistance known as systemic acquired resistance. These results indicate a common salicylic acid-dependent mechanism involved in disease resistance. We are also conducting experiments aimed at genetically dissecting the pathways regulating disease resistance using Arabidopsis thaliana and several pathogen systems. Some of the results of these analyses have been mutants with constitutive expression of PR genes and disease resistance (cim mutants). Another mutant class forms HR-like lesions and are activated for pathways involved in SAR as if these plants perceive pathogens in their absence (Isd. mutants).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Chester KS. The problem of acquired physiological immunity in plants. Quart Rev Biol 1933;8:275–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ross AF. Localized acquired resistance to plant virus infection in hypersensitive hosts. Virology 1961;14:329–39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ross AF. Systemic effects of local lesion formation. In: Beemster ABR, Dijkstra J, ed. Viruses of Plants. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1966: 127–50.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hecht El, Bateman DF. Nonspecific acquired resistance to pathogens resulting from localized infections by Thielaviopsis basicola or viruses in tobacco leaves. Phytopathology 1964;54:523–30.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kuc J. Induced immunity to plant disease. BioScience 1982;32:854–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gianinazzi S, Martin C, Vallée JC. Hypersensibilité aux virus, température et protéines solubles chez le Nicotiana Xanthi n.c. Apparition de nouvelles macromolécules lors de la répression de la synthè se virale. C R Acad Sci D 1970;270:2382–6.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Van Loon LC, Van Kammen A. Polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis of the soluble proteins from Nicotiana tabacum var. ‘Samsun’ and ‘Samsun NN’ II. Changes in protein constitution after infection with tobacco mosaic virus. Virology 1970;40:199–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Linthorst HJM. Pathogenesis-related proteins of plants. Crit Rev Plant Sci 1991;10:123–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ryals J, Ward E, Ahl-Goy P, Métraux J-P. Systemic acquired resistance: an inducible defense mechanism in plants. In: Wray JL, ed. Inducible Plant Proteins: Their Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992: 205–29.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Mauch F, Mauch-Mani B, Boller T. Antifungal hydrolases in pea tissue. II. Inhibition of fungal growth by combinations of chitinase and ß-1,3­glucanase. Plant Physiol 1988;88:936–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Roberts WK, Selitrennikoff CP. Plant and bacterial chitinases differ in antifungal activity. J Gen Microbiol 1988;134:169–76.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Alexander D, Goodman RM, Gut-Relia M, et al. Increased tolerance to two Oomycete pathogens in transgenic tobacco expressing pathogenesis-related protein 1 a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:732–7­31.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Malamy J, Carr JP, Klessig DF, Raskin I. Salicylic acid: a likely endogenous signal in the resistance response of tobacco to viral infection. Science 1990;250:1002–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Métraux J-P, Signer H, Ryals J, et al. Increase in salicylic acid at the onset of systemic acquired resistance in cucumber. Science 1990;250:1004–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ward ER, Uknes SJ, Williams SC, et al. Coordinate gene activity in response to agents that induce systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell 1991;3:1085–94.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kessmann H, Staub T, Hofmann C, et al. Induction of systemic acquired disease resistance in plants by chemicals. Annu Rev Phytopathol 1994;32:439–59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rasmussen JB, Hammerschmidt R, Zook MN. Systemic induction of salicylic acid accumulation in cucumber after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae. Plant Physiol 1991;97:1342–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gaffney T, Friedrich L, Vernooij B, et al. Requirement of salicylic acid for the induction of systemic acquired resistance. Science 1993;261:754–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Vernooij B, Friedrich L, Morse A, et al. Salicylic acid is not the translocated signal responsible for inducing systemic acquired resistance but is required in signal transduction. Plant Cell 1994;6:959–65.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Delaney T, Uknes S, Vernooij B, et al. A central role of salicylic acid in plant disease resistance. Science 1994; (in press):.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Chen Z, Silva H, Klessig D. Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the induction of systemic acquired resistance by salicylic acid in plants. Science 1993;242:883–6.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Uknes S, Mauch-Mani B, Moyer M, et al. Acquired resistance in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 1992;4:645–56.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Uknes S, Winter A, Delaney T, et al. Biological induction of systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 1993;6:692–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Dietrich RA, Delaney TP, Uknes SJ, Ward ER, Ryals JA, Dangl JL. Arabidopsis mutants simulating disease resistance response. Cell 1994;77:565–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Greenberg JT, Ausubel FM. Arabidopsis mutants compromised for the control of cellular damage during pathogenesis and aging. The Plant Journal 1993;4:327–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Greenberg JT, Guo A, Klessig DF, Ausubel FM. Programmed cell death in plants: a pathogen-triggered response activated coordinately with multiple defense functions. Cell 1994;77:551–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Delaney, T.P. et al. (1994). The Molecular Biology of Systemic Acquired Resistance. In: Daniels, M.J., Downie, J.A., Osbourn, A.E. (eds) Advances in Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0177-6_51

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0177-6_51

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4079-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0177-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics