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Biofunctional Coatings for Dental Implants

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Thin Films and Coatings in Biology

Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

Abstract

Success of dental implant materials depends on their integration into the adjacent soft and hard tissues where critical interactions take place at the interface between the surface of the metal and the biological components. The properties of the dental implant surface, such as surface morphology, surface energy, and chemistry affect cell responses and tissue regeneration. Therefore, modifications of the surfaces of the implant to minimize the nonspecific adsorption of proteins and to mediate bone osseointegration and tissue healing are research subjects of major interest. One promising approach consists of functionalizing dental implant materials by incorporating biological molecules with known bioactivities. Bioactive components such as extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, and peptides have been covalently immobilized on surfaces to investigate their potential benefit in the clinical success of dental implants. The immobilization by means of primary bonds between the surface and the biomolecules can enhance stability and retention of the biomolecules on the implant and preserve biological activity compared to physically adsorbed molecules. We introduce here methodologies to covalently anchor biomolecules on the surface of dental implants. We thoroughly review the chemical strategies and biomolecules used as well as their effects on different biological responses of interest, such as osteoblasts response to improve osseointegration, antimicrobial properties, and in vivo integration. The stable immobilization of biomolecules on implants to form a bioactive surface can be an effective and novel approach to achieve implantation success in all clinical scenarios.

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  1. MDRCBB—Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry,16-250a Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware St. S.E, Minneapolis, 55455, USA

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  2. Yuping Li
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  3. Conrado Aparicio
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Correspondence to Conrado Aparicio .

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  1. Group NanoXplore Inc., Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Soroush Nazarpour

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Chen, X., Li, Y., Aparicio, C. (2013). Biofunctional Coatings for Dental Implants. In: Nazarpour, S. (eds) Thin Films and Coatings in Biology. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2592-8_4

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