Abstract
Innovative miniature cone penetration and subsequent liquefaction tests were carried out in a modified triaxial apparatus on sand specimens containing fines. It has been found that one unique curve relating cone resistance qt and liquefaction strength RL can be established, despite the differences in relative density and fines content, the trend of which differs from the current liquefaction evaluation practice. In order to examine an aging effect on the relationship, sands containing fines added with a small amount of cement are tested to emulate a long geological period in a short time. The addition of cement to the fines tends to increase the liquefaction strength RL much more than the penetration resistance qt, resulting in obvious upward shift of the qt ∼ RL curve from the curve obtained for specimens without cement. Thus, it is revealed that the cementation effect by aging which dominantly occurs in fines can explain why higher fines content leads to higher liquefaction strength for the same cone resistance.
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References
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Kokusho, T., Ito, F., Nagao, Y. (2012). Effects of Fines and Aging on Liquefaction Strength and Cone Resistance of Sand Investigated in Triaxial Apparatus. In: Sakr, M., Ansal, A. (eds) Special Topics in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2060-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2060-2_3
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